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 建設美(mei)麗(li)中(zhong)(zhong)國是(shi)全面建設社會主(zhu)義現(xian)代化國家的(de)重要目(mu)標，是(shi)實現(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)華民族偉大復興中(zhong)(zhong)國夢(meng)的(de)重要內容。為全面推(tui)進(jin)美(mei)麗(li)中(zhong)(zhong)國建設，加(jia)快推(tui)進(jin)人與自(zi)然和諧共生(sheng)的(de)現(xian)代化，現(xian)提出如下(xia)意見。

　　一、新時代新征程開啟全面推進美麗中國建設新篇章

　　黨的十八大(da)以來，以習近平同志(zhi)為(wei)核心的黨中(zhong)央把(ba)生態文明建(jian)設(she)擺(bai)在全(quan)局工作的突出位置，全(quan)方位、全(quan)地(di)域、全(quan)過程加強生態環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)，實(shi)現了由(you)重點整治到(dao)系統治理、由(you)被動應對到(dao)主動作為(wei)、由(you)全(quan)球環(huan)境(jing)治理參與者到(dao)引領者、由(you)實(shi)踐探索到(dao)科學理論指導的重大(da)轉變，美麗中(zhong)國建(jian)設(she)邁出重大(da)步伐。

　　當(dang)前，我國經濟社會發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)已進入加快綠色(se)化、低碳化的高質量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)階段，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)設(she)仍(reng)處于壓力(li)疊(die)加、負重前行(xing)的關鍵期(qi)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境(jing)保護(hu)結構性、根源性、趨(qu)(qu)勢(shi)性壓力(li)尚(shang)未根本(ben)緩解，經濟社會發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)綠色(se)轉型內生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動力(li)不(bu)足，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境(jing)質量穩中(zhong)(zhong)向好(hao)的基礎還(huan)不(bu)牢固，部分區域生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統退化趨(qu)(qu)勢(shi)尚(shang)未根本(ben)扭(niu)轉，美麗中(zhong)(zhong)國建(jian)設(she)任務依然艱巨。新征程上(shang)，必須把(ba)美麗中(zhong)(zhong)國建(jian)設(she)擺在強國建(jian)設(she)、民(min)族(zu)復興的突出位置，保持加強生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)設(she)的戰略(lve)定力(li)，堅(jian)定不(bu)移走生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活富(fu)裕、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)良好(hao)的文明(ming)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)道路，建(jian)設(she)天藍(lan)、地(di)綠、水清(qing)的美好(hao)家(jia)園。

　　二、總體要求

　　全(quan)(quan)面推(tui)進(jin)美麗中國(guo)建設(she)，要堅持以(yi)(yi)習近平(ping)新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)中國(guo)特(te)色社會主義思想特(te)別是習近平(ping)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明思想為(wei)指導，深(shen)入貫徹黨的(de)(de)二十(shi)大精神(shen)，落實(shi)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)大會部(bu)署，牢固樹立和(he)踐行綠水青山就是金山銀(yin)山的(de)(de)理(li)念，處理(li)好(hao)高質(zhi)量發展和(he)高水平(ping)保(bao)護(hu)、重點攻(gong)堅和(he)協同(tong)治理(li)、自然恢復(fu)(fu)和(he)人工修復(fu)(fu)、外部(bu)約束和(he)內生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動力、“雙碳”承(cheng)諾和(he)自主行動的(de)(de)關系，統籌產業(ye)結構調(diao)整(zheng)、污(wu)染(ran)治理(li)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)、應(ying)對氣候變化，協同(tong)推(tui)進(jin)降碳、減污(wu)、擴綠、增(zeng)長，維護(hu)國(guo)家生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)安全(quan)(quan)，抓(zhua)好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明制度建設(she)，以(yi)(yi)高品質(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境支(zhi)撐高質(zhi)量發展，加快形成以(yi)(yi)實(shi)現人與自然和(he)諧共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)現代(dai)化為(wei)導向的(de)(de)美麗中國(guo)建設(she)新(xin)格局，筑牢中華民族偉大復(fu)(fu)興的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)根基。

　　主要(yao)目(mu)標(biao)是：到(dao)2027年，綠色低碳發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)深入推進，主要(yao)污染物(wu)排放總(zong)量(liang)持(chi)續減少，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量(liang)持(chi)續提(ti)升(sheng)，國土空間開發(fa)保護格(ge)局得到(dao)優(you)化，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統服(fu)務功能(neng)不斷增強，城鄉人居環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)明(ming)顯改(gai)善，國家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)安(an)全(quan)有(you)(you)效(xiao)保障，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)體(ti)系(xi)更加健(jian)全(quan)，形成(cheng)一(yi)批實(shi)踐樣板，美(mei)麗(li)中國建設成(cheng)效(xiao)顯著。到(dao)2035年，廣泛形成(cheng)綠色生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)，碳排放達峰后穩中有(you)(you)降，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)根本好轉(zhuan)，國土空間開發(fa)保護新(xin)格(ge)局全(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)形成(cheng)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統多樣性穩定性持(chi)續性顯著提(ti)升(sheng)，國家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)安(an)全(quan)更加穩固，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)體(ti)系(xi)和(he)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)能(neng)力現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化基(ji)本實(shi)現(xian)(xian)，美(mei)麗(li)中國目(mu)標(biao)基(ji)本實(shi)現(xian)(xian)。展(zhan)(zhan)望本世紀中葉(xie)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明(ming)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)提(ti)升(sheng)，綠色發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)形成(cheng)，重點(dian)領域(yu)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)深度(du)脫(tuo)碳，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)健(jian)康優(you)美(mei)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)體(ti)系(xi)和(he)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)能(neng)力現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化全(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)，美(mei)麗(li)中國全(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)建成(cheng)。

　　錨定美(mei)麗中國建(jian)設目標，堅持(chi)精準治(zhi)污、科(ke)學(xue)治(zhi)污、依法治(zhi)污，根(gen)據經濟社會(hui)高質量發展的新需求、人民群眾對生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境改(gai)善的新期待，加大對突(tu)出生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境問(wen)題集中解決(jue)力度，加快推(tui)動生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境質量改(gai)善從量變到質變。“十四(si)五(wu)”深入攻堅，實(shi)現(xian)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境持(chi)續改(gai)善；“十五(wu)五(wu)”鞏固拓(tuo)展，實(shi)現(xian)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境全面改(gai)善；“十六五(wu)”整(zheng)體提(ti)升，實(shi)現(xian)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境根(gen)本好轉(zhuan)。要堅持(chi)做到：

　　——全領域轉(zhuan)型。大力(li)推(tui)動經濟社(she)會發展綠色(se)(se)化(hua)、低(di)碳化(hua)，加快能源(yuan)、工業(ye)、交通(tong)運輸(shu)、城(cheng)鄉建(jian)(jian)設、農業(ye)等領域綠色(se)(se)低(di)碳轉(zhuan)型，加強綠色(se)(se)科技創(chuang)新，增(zeng)強美(mei)麗中國建(jian)(jian)設的內(nei)生動力(li)、創(chuang)新活力(li)。

　　——全方位提升。堅持要素統籌(chou)和城(cheng)鄉融(rong)合，一體開(kai)展“美(mei)麗(li)(li)系列”建(jian)設(she)工(gong)作，重點推進(jin)美(mei)麗(li)(li)藍天、美(mei)麗(li)(li)河(he)湖、美(mei)麗(li)(li)海灣(wan)、美(mei)麗(li)(li)山川建(jian)設(she)，打造美(mei)麗(li)(li)中(zhong)國先行(xing)區、美(mei)麗(li)(li)城(cheng)市、美(mei)麗(li)(li)鄉村，繪(hui)就各(ge)美(mei)其美(mei)、美(mei)美(mei)與(yu)共的美(mei)麗(li)(li)中(zhong)國新畫(hua)卷。

　　——全(quan)地(di)域建(jian)設(she)。因地(di)制(zhi)宜、梯次推進美麗(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)國建(jian)設(she)全(quan)域覆蓋，展現大美西(xi)部壯(zhuang)美風(feng)貌(mao)、亮麗(li)(li)東北遼(liao)闊(kuo)風(feng)光、美麗(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)部錦繡山河、和諧東部秀(xiu)美風(feng)韻，塑造各具(ju)特色、多(duo)姿多(duo)彩(cai)的美麗(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)國建(jian)設(she)板塊(kuai)。

　　——全社(she)會行(xing)(xing)動。把建設美(mei)麗中國轉(zhuan)化為(wei)全體(ti)人(ren)(ren)民行(xing)(xing)為(wei)自覺，鼓勵園區、企(qi)業、社(she)區、學校(xiao)等(deng)基層單位開展綠色、清潔、零碳引領行(xing)(xing)動，形(xing)成人(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)參與、人(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)共享(xiang)的良好社(she)會氛圍。

　　三、加快發展方式綠色轉型

　　（一）優(you)化(hua)國(guo)土(tu)空(kong)間(jian)開發保(bao)(bao)護(hu)格局。健全(quan)(quan)主體功能區制(zhi)度，完善國(guo)土(tu)空(kong)間(jian)規劃(hua)體系，統籌優(you)化(hua)農業、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態、城(cheng)鎮等各類空(kong)間(jian)布局。堅(jian)守(shou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線，強(qiang)化(hua)執法監(jian)管(guan)和保(bao)(bao)護(hu)修復，使全(quan)(quan)國(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線面積保(bao)(bao)持在(zai)315萬平方公(gong)里以上。堅(jian)決守(shou)住18億畝耕地(di)紅(hong)(hong)線，確保(bao)(bao)可以長期穩定利(li)用的(de)耕地(di)不再減(jian)少。嚴(yan)(yan)格管(guan)控城(cheng)鎮開發邊界，推動城(cheng)鎮空(kong)間(jian)內涵式集(ji)約化(hua)綠色(se)發展。嚴(yan)(yan)格河湖水域岸線空(kong)間(jian)管(guan)控。加強(qiang)海(hai)洋(yang)和海(hai)岸帶(dai)國(guo)土(tu)空(kong)間(jian)管(guan)控，建立低效(xiao)用海(hai)退出機制(zhi)，除(chu)國(guo)家重(zhong)大項目(mu)外，不再新(xin)增圍填海(hai)。完善全(quan)(quan)域覆蓋的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境分(fen)區管(guan)控體系，為發展“明底線”、“劃(hua)邊框(kuang)”。到2035年，大陸自然岸線保(bao)(bao)有率不低于35%，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態功能不降低、性質不改變。

　　（二）積極穩妥推進碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達峰碳(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)。有(you)計(ji)劃分步(bu)驟(zou)實施碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達峰行動(dong)，力(li)(li)爭2030年前實現(xian)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)達峰，為(wei)努力(li)(li)爭取2060年前實現(xian)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)和(he)奠定(ding)基(ji)礎。堅持先(xian)立后(hou)破，加(jia)(jia)快規(gui)劃建(jian)(jian)設新(xin)型能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)體(ti)(ti)系，確保(bao)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安(an)全(quan)(quan)。重點控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)煤炭(tan)等化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)費，加(jia)(jia)強煤炭(tan)清潔高(gao)效利(li)用，大力(li)(li)發展非(fei)(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，加(jia)(jia)快構(gou)建(jian)(jian)新(xin)型電力(li)(li)系統。開(kai)展多領域多層次減污降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)協(xie)同創新(xin)試(shi)點。推動(dong)能(neng)耗雙控(kong)逐步(bu)轉向碳(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)總(zong)量(liang)和(he)強度(du)(du)雙控(kong)，加(jia)(jia)強碳(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)雙控(kong)基(ji)礎能(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)建(jian)(jian)設。逐年編制(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)家溫(wen)室氣體(ti)(ti)清單(dan)。實施甲烷排(pai)放(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)行動(dong)方(fang)案，研究制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)其他(ta)非(fei)(fei)二氧化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)溫(wen)室氣體(ti)(ti)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)行動(dong)方(fang)案。進一步(bu)發展全(quan)(quan)國(guo)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)市場，穩步(bu)擴大行業覆(fu)蓋范圍，豐富交(jiao)易品種和(he)方(fang)式(shi)，建(jian)(jian)設完善(shan)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)溫(wen)室氣體(ti)(ti)自(zi)愿減排(pai)交(jiao)易市場。到2035年，非(fei)(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)占(zhan)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)費總(zong)量(liang)比重進一步(bu)提高(gao)，建(jian)(jian)成更加(jia)(jia)有(you)效、更有(you)活力(li)(li)、更具國(guo)際影響力(li)(li)的碳(tan)(tan)(tan)市場。

　　（三）統籌推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)重點領域綠色低(di)碳(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)。推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)產(chan)業數字化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)同綠色化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)深度融合，加快(kuai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設以實(shi)體經濟為支撐的現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)業體系，大(da)力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)戰略性新(xin)興產(chan)業、高技術(shu)產(chan)業、綠色環保(bao)(bao)產(chan)業、現(xian)代服務業。嚴(yan)把準入關(guan)口(kou)(kou)，堅決遏(e)制高耗(hao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、高排(pai)放、低(di)水平項目盲目上馬。大(da)力(li)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)傳(chuan)統產(chan)業工藝、技術(shu)、裝備(bei)升(sheng)級，實(shi)現(xian)綠色低(di)碳(tan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)型，實(shi)施(shi)清潔生產(chan)水平提升(sheng)工程(cheng)。加快(kuai)既(ji)有建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)和(he)市政基礎設施(shi)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)改造，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)超低(di)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)、低(di)碳(tan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)規模(mo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)。大(da)力(li)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)“公(gong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)鐵”、“公(gong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)水”，加快(kuai)鐵路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)專用(yong)(yong)線建(jian)(jian)(jian)設，提升(sheng)大(da)宗貨(huo)(huo)物清潔化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)運輸水平。推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)鐵路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)場(chang)站、民用(yong)(yong)機(ji)場(chang)、港口(kou)(kou)碼頭、物流園區等綠色化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)改造和(he)鐵路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)電氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)改造，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)超低(di)和(he)近零排(pai)放車(che)輛(liang)規模(mo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)應用(yong)(yong)、非(fei)道路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)移動(dong)機(ji)械清潔低(di)碳(tan)應用(yong)(yong)。到2027年，新(xin)增汽車(che)中(zhong)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源汽車(che)占(zhan)比力(li)爭(zheng)達到45%，老(lao)舊內燃(ran)機(ji)車(che)基本淘汰(tai)，港口(kou)(kou)集裝箱鐵水聯運量(liang)(liang)保(bao)(bao)持較快(kuai)增長(chang)；到2035年，鐵路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)貨(huo)(huo)運周轉(zhuan)(zhuan)量(liang)(liang)占(zhan)總周轉(zhuan)(zhuan)量(liang)(liang)比例達到25%左右。

　　（四）推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)各(ge)類(lei)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)集約(yue)利用。實施全(quan)面(mian)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)戰略，推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)、節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地、節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)材、節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)礦(kuang)。持續深化(hua)重(zhong)點領域(yu)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)，加強(qiang)(qiang)新(xin)型基礎設(she)(she)施用能(neng)管理。深入實施國家節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)行(xing)動(dong)，強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)總量和(he)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)雙控，提(ti)(ti)升重(zhong)點用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)行(xing)業、產(chan)品(pin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)效率，積極推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)利用，加強(qiang)(qiang)非常(chang)規水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)配置利用。健全(quan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)集約(yue)利用土地制度(du)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)廣節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地技(ji)術和(he)模式。建立綠色制造(zao)體(ti)系和(he)服務體(ti)系。開展資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)綜(zong)合利用提(ti)(ti)質增效行(xing)動(dong)。加快構建廢棄物循環利用體(ti)系，促(cu)進(jin)廢舊風機葉片、光伏組件、動(dong)力(li)電池、快遞包裝等(deng)廢棄物循環利用。推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)原材料節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)和(he)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)循環利用，大(da)力(li)發展再(zai)制造(zao)產(chan)業。全(quan)面(mian)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)綠色礦(kuang)山(shan)建設(she)(she)。到(dao)2035年，能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)利用效率達到(dao)國際(ji)先進(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平。

　　四、持續深入推進污染防治攻堅

　　（五(wu)）持(chi)(chi)續深(shen)入(ru)打好藍天(tian)(tian)保衛戰(zhan)。以(yi)(yi)京津冀(ji)及周(zhou)邊、長三(san)角、汾渭平原等(deng)重點(dian)區(qu)域(yu)為主戰(zhan)場，以(yi)(yi)細(xi)顆粒物(wu)控(kong)制(zhi)為主線(xian)，大力(li)(li)推(tui)進(jin)多污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)協(xie)同減排。強(qiang)化(hua)揮發性有機物(wu)綜合(he)治(zhi)理，實施源(yuan)頭替代工程。高(gao)質(zhi)量推(tui)進(jin)鋼鐵、水泥、焦化(hua)等(deng)重點(dian)行(xing)業及燃煤鍋爐超(chao)低排放(fang)改(gai)造。因地制(zhi)宜采取清潔能源(yuan)、集中供熱(re)替代等(deng)措(cuo)施，繼續推(tui)進(jin)散煤、燃煤鍋爐、工業爐窯污(wu)染(ran)治(zhi)理。重點(dian)區(qu)域(yu)持(chi)(chi)續實施煤炭消(xiao)費(fei)總量控(kong)制(zhi)。研(yan)究制(zhi)定下一階段(duan)機動(dong)車排放(fang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準，開展新(xin)階段(duan)油(you)品質(zhi)量標(biao)(biao)(biao)準研(yan)究，強(qiang)化(hua)部(bu)門聯合(he)監管執法(fa)。加(jia)強(qiang)區(qu)域(yu)聯防聯控(kong)，深(shen)化(hua)重污(wu)染(ran)天(tian)(tian)氣重點(dian)行(xing)業績效分級(ji)(ji)。持(chi)(chi)續實施噪聲污(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)行(xing)動(dong)。著(zhu)力(li)(li)解決惡臭(chou)(chou)、餐飲油(you)煙(yan)等(deng)污(wu)染(ran)問(wen)題。加(jia)強(qiang)消(xiao)耗臭(chou)(chou)氧層物(wu)質(zhi)和氫氟碳化(hua)物(wu)環境管理。到(dao)(dao)2027年，全(quan)國細(xi)顆粒物(wu)平均濃度(du)下降到(dao)(dao)28微(wei)克(ke)/立方米以(yi)(yi)下，各(ge)地級(ji)(ji)及以(yi)(yi)上城市力(li)(li)爭達標(biao)(biao)(biao)；到(dao)(dao)2035年，全(quan)國細(xi)顆粒物(wu)濃度(du)下降到(dao)(dao)25微(wei)克(ke)/立方米以(yi)(yi)下，實現空氣常新(xin)、藍天(tian)(tian)常在。

　　（六）持(chi)續深入(ru)打好碧水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)保(bao)衛(wei)戰。統(tong)籌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)環(huan)(huan)境、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)治(zhi)理(li)(li)，深入(ru)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)長江、黃河(he)(he)等大江大河(he)(he)和(he)(he)重(zhong)(zhong)要湖(hu)泊保(bao)護治(zhi)理(li)(li)，優(you)化(hua)調整(zheng)(zheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)功能(neng)區劃及管理(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度。扎實(shi)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源地(di)規(gui)范化(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)和(he)(he)備(bei)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源地(di)建(jian)設(she)(she)。基(ji)(ji)(ji)本完成(cheng)(cheng)入(ru)河(he)(he)入(ru)海(hai)排(pai)(pai)污(wu)口排(pai)(pai)查整(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)，全面(mian)建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)排(pai)(pai)污(wu)口監測監管體系。推(tui)(tui)行重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)行業(ye)企業(ye)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)治(zhi)理(li)(li)與排(pai)(pai)放水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平績效分(fen)級。加(jia)快補齊城鎮污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收集(ji)和(he)(he)處理(li)(li)設(she)(she)施短板(ban)，建(jian)設(she)(she)城市污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管網(wang)全覆蓋(gai)樣(yang)板(ban)區，加(jia)強污(wu)泥無(wu)害化(hua)處理(li)(li)和(he)(he)資(zi)(zi)源化(hua)利用(yong)，建(jian)設(she)(she)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處理(li)(li)綠色低(di)碳標(biao)桿(gan)廠。因地(di)制(zhi)(zhi)宜開展內源污(wu)染治(zhi)理(li)(li)和(he)(he)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)修(xiu)復(fu)，基(ji)(ji)(ji)本消(xiao)除城鄉黑臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體并(bing)形成(cheng)(cheng)長效機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。建(jian)立水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)考核(he)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，加(jia)強水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源涵養(yang)區和(he)(he)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)緩沖帶保(bao)護修(xiu)復(fu)，強化(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源統(tong)一(yi)調度，保(bao)障(zhang)河(he)(he)湖(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)流量。堅持(chi)陸海(hai)統(tong)籌、河(he)(he)海(hai)聯動，持(chi)續推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)海(hai)域(yu)綜合(he)治(zhi)理(li)(li)。以海(hai)灣為基(ji)(ji)(ji)本單元，“一(yi)灣一(yi)策”協(xie)同推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)近(jin)(jin)岸海(hai)域(yu)污(wu)染防治(zhi)、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護修(xiu)復(fu)和(he)(he)岸灘環(huan)(huan)境整(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)，不斷提升紅樹林等重(zhong)(zhong)要海(hai)洋生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)質量和(he)(he)穩定(ding)性。加(jia)強海(hai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)養(yang)殖(zhi)環(huan)(huan)境整(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)。積極應對藍藻(zao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)華、赤潮綠潮等生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)災(zai)害。推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)江河(he)(he)湖(hu)庫(ku)清(qing)漂和(he)(he)海(hai)洋垃圾治(zhi)理(li)(li)。到(dao)2027年(nian)，全國(guo)地(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質、近(jin)(jin)岸海(hai)域(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質優(you)良比例分(fen)別達到(dao)90%、83%左右(you)，美(mei)(mei)麗(li)(li)河(he)(he)湖(hu)、美(mei)(mei)麗(li)(li)海(hai)灣建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)率達到(dao)40%左右(you)；到(dao)2035年(nian)，“人水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)諧”美(mei)(mei)麗(li)(li)河(he)(he)湖(hu)、美(mei)(mei)麗(li)(li)海(hai)灣基(ji)(ji)(ji)本建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)。

　　（七）持續深(shen)入打好凈(jing)土(tu)(tu)保(bao)衛戰(zhan)。開(kai)展土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)頭防(fang)控(kong)(kong)行動(dong)，嚴(yan)防(fang)新增(zeng)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)，逐步解決長期積累的土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)和(he)地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)嚴(yan)重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)問(wen)題。強(qiang)化優(you)先保(bao)護類耕地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護，扎實推進受污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)耕地(di)(di)(di)安(an)全(quan)(quan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)和(he)風險管(guan)控(kong)(kong)，分(fen)階段推進農用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)重(zhong)金(jin)屬污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)溯源(yuan)和(he)整治全(quan)(quan)覆蓋。依法(fa)加強(qiang)建(jian)設(she)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)用(yong)(yong)途變更和(he)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)地(di)(di)(di)塊風險管(guan)控(kong)(kong)的聯動(dong)監管(guan)，推動(dong)大型污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)場(chang)地(di)(di)(di)風險管(guan)控(kong)(kong)和(he)修復(fu)。全(quan)(quan)面開(kai)展土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)重(zhong)點(dian)監管(guan)單(dan)位周邊土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)和(he)地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)環境(jing)(jing)監測，適(shi)時(shi)開(kai)展第二(er)次全(quan)(quan)國土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)狀況(kuang)普查。開(kai)展全(quan)(quan)國地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)調查評價，強(qiang)化地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)型飲用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)環境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護，嚴(yan)控(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治重(zhong)點(dian)區環境(jing)(jing)風險。深(shen)入打好農業農村污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)治理攻堅戰(zhan)。到(dao)2027年，受污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)耕地(di)(di)(di)安(an)全(quan)(quan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)率達到(dao)94%以(yi)上(shang)，建(jian)設(she)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)安(an)全(quan)(quan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)得(de)到(dao)有效保(bao)障；到(dao)2035年，地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)國控(kong)(kong)點(dian)位Ⅰ—Ⅳ類水(shui)(shui)比例達到(dao)80%以(yi)上(shang)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)環境(jing)(jing)風險得(de)到(dao)全(quan)(quan)面管(guan)控(kong)(kong)。

　　（八）強(qiang)化(hua)固體廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)和新污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。加快“無廢(fei)(fei)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)”建設，持續推進新污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)行動(dong)(dong)，推動(dong)(dong)實(shi)現城(cheng)(cheng)鄉“無廢(fei)(fei)”、環境(jing)健(jian)康。加強(qiang)固體廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)綜合治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，限(xian)制商品過度(du)包裝，全鏈條治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)塑(su)料(liao)污(wu)染(ran)。深化(hua)全面禁止“洋垃(la)圾”入境(jing)工(gong)作，嚴(yan)防各種形式(shi)固體廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)走私(si)和變(bian)相進口。強(qiang)化(hua)危險(xian)廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)監管(guan)和利(li)用處置能(neng)力，以長江經濟帶、黃河流域(yu)等(deng)為(wei)重點加強(qiang)尾(wei)礦庫(ku)污(wu)染(ran)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。制定(ding)有毒(du)有害化(hua)學物(wu)(wu)質環境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)法規。到2027年，“無廢(fei)(fei)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)”建設比例達到60%，固體廢(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)產生強(qiang)度(du)明顯下降；到2035年，“無廢(fei)(fei)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)”建設實(shi)現全覆蓋，東部省份率先全域(yu)建成“無廢(fei)(fei)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)”，新污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)(wu)環境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)得到有效管(guan)控。

　　五、提升生態系統多樣性穩定性持續性

　　（九）筑牢自(zi)然(ran)(ran)生態(tai)(tai)屏(ping)(ping)障(zhang)。穩(wen)固國(guo)(guo)家生態(tai)(tai)安全(quan)屏(ping)(ping)障(zhang)，推進國(guo)(guo)家重點(dian)生態(tai)(tai)功能區、重要生態(tai)(tai)廊道保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)建(jian)設。全(quan)面(mian)推進以(yi)國(guo)(guo)家公園為主體(ti)的自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)地體(ti)系(xi)建(jian)設，完成全(quan)國(guo)(guo)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)地整(zheng)合優化。實施(shi)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)生態(tai)(tai)資(zi)源監(jian)(jian)測評價預警工程。加強(qiang)生態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)修復監(jian)(jian)管制度建(jian)設，強(qiang)化統一監(jian)(jian)管。嚴格(ge)對(dui)所有者、開發者乃至監(jian)(jian)管者的監(jian)(jian)管，及時發現和查(cha)處(chu)各類生態(tai)(tai)破(po)壞(huai)事件，堅決杜(du)絕(jue)生態(tai)(tai)修復中(zhong)的形式主義。加強(qiang)生態(tai)(tai)狀況監(jian)(jian)測評估，開展生態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)修復成效評估。持(chi)續推進“綠盾”自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)地強(qiang)化監(jian)(jian)督(du)，建(jian)立生態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅線(xian)生態(tai)(tai)破(po)壞(huai)問(wen)題監(jian)(jian)督(du)機(ji)制。到2035年，國(guo)(guo)家公園體(ti)系(xi)基(ji)本建(jian)成，生態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統格(ge)局更加穩(wen)定(ding)，展現美麗(li)山川勃勃生機(ji)。

　　（十）實(shi)施山水(shui)(shui)(shui)林(lin)田湖(hu)草沙(sha)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)保護(hu)(hu)和系統治理(li)(li)。加(jia)快實(shi)施重要(yao)生態系統保護(hu)(hu)和修復重大(da)(da)工程，推(tui)行草原森林(lin)河流湖(hu)泊(bo)濕地休養生息。繼(ji)續實(shi)施山水(shui)(shui)(shui)林(lin)田湖(hu)草沙(sha)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)保護(hu)(hu)和修復工程。科學開展大(da)(da)規模國土綠(lv)化(hua)(hua)行動，加(jia)大(da)(da)草原和濕地保護(hu)(hu)修復力度，加(jia)強荒漠化(hua)(hua)、石漠化(hua)(hua)和水(shui)(shui)(shui)土流失(shi)綜(zong)合治理(li)(li)，全面實(shi)施森林(lin)可持(chi)續經營(ying)，加(jia)強森林(lin)草原防滅火。聚焦影響(xiang)北(bei)京等重點(dian)地區的沙(sha)源(yuan)地及傳輸路(lu)徑，持(chi)續推(tui)進(jin)“三(san)(san)北(bei)”工程建設和京津風沙(sha)源(yuan)治理(li)(li)，全力打好三(san)(san)大(da)(da)標志性(xing)戰役。推(tui)進(jin)生態系統碳匯(hui)能力鞏固提(ti)升行動。到2035年，全國森林(lin)覆蓋率提(ti)高至26%，水(shui)(shui)(shui)土保持(chi)率提(ti)高至75%，生態系統基本(ben)實(shi)現良性(xing)循環。

　　（十一）加強生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣(yang)性(xing)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)。強化生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣(yang)性(xing)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)工作(zuo)(zuo)協調(diao)機制的統籌協調(diao)作(zuo)(zuo)用，落實“昆明—蒙特利爾(er)全球生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣(yang)性(xing)框架”，更新中國生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣(yang)性(xing)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)戰(zhan)略(lve)與行(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)計劃，實施(shi)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣(yang)性(xing)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)重大(da)工程。健(jian)全全國生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣(yang)性(xing)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)網絡，全面(mian)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，逐步(bu)建立國家植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)園體系(xi)(xi)。深入推進長江珍(zhen)稀瀕(bin)危物(wu)(wu)種拯救行(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)，繼續抓好(hao)長江十年禁漁措施(shi)落實。全面(mian)實施(shi)海(hai)洋伏(fu)季休漁制度，建設現代海(hai)洋牧場。到2035年，全國自然(ran)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)地(di)陸域面(mian)積(ji)占陸域國土(tu)面(mian)積(ji)比例不低于18%，典型生(sheng)態系(xi)(xi)統、國家重點保護(hu)(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)及其棲息地(di)得到全面(mian)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)。

　　六、守牢美麗中國建設安全底線

　　（十二）健全(quan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)體(ti)(ti)系。貫(guan)徹總體(ti)(ti)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)觀，完善國(guo)(guo)家(jia)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)工作協調機(ji)制，加(jia)強與經濟安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)、資源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)等領域(yu)協作，健全(quan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)法治體(ti)(ti)系、戰略體(ti)(ti)系、政策體(ti)(ti)系、應對(dui)(dui)管理體(ti)(ti)系，提升(sheng)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)風險研判評估、監測預警、應急(ji)應對(dui)(dui)和處置能力，形成全(quan)域(yu)聯(lian)動(dong)、立(li)體(ti)(ti)高效的(de)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)防護(hu)體(ti)(ti)系。

　　（十三）確保核(he)(he)(he)與輻射(she)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化國家(jia)核(he)(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)工作協調機制統(tong)籌(chou)作用，構建嚴密的核(he)(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)責任體系，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面提(ti)高核(he)(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)管能(neng)力(li)，建設與我國核(he)(he)(he)事(shi)業發(fa)展相適應的現代(dai)化核(he)(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)管體系，推動核(he)(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)高質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)展。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化首(shou)堆新堆安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管理，定期(qi)開展運(yun)行設施安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)評價并持續實施改進，加(jia)快老舊設施退役治理和歷史(shi)遺留放(fang)射(she)性廢物處理處置(zhi)，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)核(he)(he)(he)技術利(li)用安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管理和電磁輻射(she)環境管理。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)我國管轄海(hai)域海(hai)洋(yang)輻射(she)環境監(jian)測(ce)和研(yan)究(jiu)，提(ti)升風險預警監(jian)測(ce)和應急響應能(neng)力(li)。堅(jian)持自主創(chuang)新安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)發(fa)展，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)核(he)(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)領域關鍵性、基(ji)礎性科技研(yan)發(fa)和智能(neng)化安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管理。

　　（十四）加(jia)強(qiang)生物安(an)全(quan)管理。加(jia)強(qiang)生物技術及其產品的環(huan)境(jing)風險檢測(ce)(ce)、識別(bie)、評(ping)價(jia)和(he)(he)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)。強(qiang)化全(quan)鏈條防(fang)控和(he)(he)系統(tong)治理，健(jian)全(quan)生物安(an)全(quan)監(jian)(jian)管預警(jing)防(fang)控體系。加(jia)強(qiang)有害生物防(fang)治。開展外來入侵物種普查、監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)預警(jing)、影(ying)響評(ping)估，加(jia)強(qiang)進境(jing)動植物檢疫和(he)(he)外來入侵物種防(fang)控。健(jian)全(quan)種質資源保(bao)護(hu)與利用體系，加(jia)強(qiang)生物遺(yi)傳資源保(bao)護(hu)和(he)(he)管理。

　　（十五）有(you)效應(ying)對氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候變化(hua)(hua)(hua)不利(li)影響和(he)風(feng)險(xian)。堅持(chi)減(jian)緩和(he)適應(ying)并重(zhong)，大(da)(da)力(li)提升適應(ying)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候變化(hua)(hua)(hua)能力(li)。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候變化(hua)(hua)(hua)觀測(ce)網絡建(jian)設，強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)監測(ce)預測(ce)預警(jing)和(he)影響風(feng)險(xian)評估。持(chi)續(xu)提升農業、健康和(he)公共衛生等(deng)領域的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候韌性(xing)，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)基(ji)礎設施與重(zhong)大(da)(da)工(gong)程氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)理。深化(hua)(hua)(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候適應(ying)型城(cheng)市建(jian)設，推進海綿城(cheng)市建(jian)設，強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)區(qu)域適應(ying)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候變化(hua)(hua)(hua)行(xing)動。到2035年，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候適應(ying)型社(she)會基(ji)本建(jian)成。

　　（十六）嚴密防控環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)風險(xian)。堅持預防為(wei)(wei)主，加強環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)風險(xian)常態化管理。完善國家環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)體(ti)制(zhi)機制(zhi)，健(jian)全分級(ji)負責、屬(shu)地(di)為(wei)(wei)主、部(bu)門協同的(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)責任體(ti)系，完善上(shang)下游、跨(kua)區域(yu)(yu)的(de)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)聯動機制(zhi)。強化危險(xian)廢物、尾(wei)礦庫、重金屬(shu)等重點領域(yu)(yu)以(yi)及(ji)管轄海域(yu)(yu)、邊境(jing)(jing)(jing)地(di)區等環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)隱患排查和風險(xian)防控。實施一批(pi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)基礎能力建(jian)設工程，建(jian)立(li)健(jian)全應(ying)(ying)急(ji)響應(ying)(ying)體(ti)系和應(ying)(ying)急(ji)物資儲備體(ti)系，提升環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)指揮(hui)信息化水平(ping)，及(ji)時妥善科(ke)學處置各類突發(fa)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)事件。健(jian)全環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)健(jian)康(kang)監測、調查和風險(xian)評估制(zhi)度。

　　七、打造美麗中國建設示范樣板

　　（十七）建(jian)設(she)(she)美(mei)麗(li)(li)中國先(xian)行區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。聚焦區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域協調發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)戰略(lve)和區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域重大戰略(lve)，加強綠色發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)協作，打造綠色發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)高(gao)地(di)。完善(shan)京津冀地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)協同保(bao)護機制(zhi)，加快建(jian)設(she)(she)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)修復改善(shan)示范區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，推動雄安新區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)(she)綠色發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)城市典范。在(zai)深(shen)(shen)入實施長江經濟帶發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)戰略(lve)中堅持共(gong)抓大保(bao)護，建(jian)設(she)(she)人(ren)與自(zi)然和諧共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)的綠色發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示范帶。深(shen)(shen)化粵港澳大灣(wan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)領(ling)域規則銜接、機制(zhi)對接，共(gong)建(jian)國際一流美(mei)麗(li)(li)灣(wan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。深(shen)(shen)化長三(san)角(jiao)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)共(gong)保(bao)聯治和一體化制(zhi)度創新，高(gao)水平(ping)建(jian)設(she)(she)美(mei)麗(li)(li)長三(san)角(jiao)。堅持以水定(ding)(ding)城、以水定(ding)(ding)地(di)、以水定(ding)(ding)人(ren)、以水定(ding)(ding)產，建(jian)設(she)(she)黃河流域生(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)護和高(gao)質量發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)先(xian)行區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。深(shen)(shen)化國家生(sheng)(sheng)態文明試驗區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)(she)。各地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)立足區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域功能定(ding)(ding)位，發揮自(zi)身特色，譜寫美(mei)麗(li)(li)中國建(jian)設(she)(she)省域篇(pian)章。

　　（十八(ba)）建設(she)(she)美麗城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)。堅(jian)持人民(min)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)人民(min)建、人民(min)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)為人民(min)，推(tui)進以綠色低(di)碳、環境(jing)優美、生態宜居、安全(quan)健康、智(zhi)慧高(gao)效為導向(xiang)的美麗城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)。提(ti)升(sheng)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)規劃(hua)、建設(she)(she)、治理水(shui)平，實(shi)施城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)更新行動，強化(hua)城(cheng)際、城(cheng)鄉(xiang)生態共保(bao)環境(jing)共治。加(jia)快轉變超大(da)特大(da)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)發展方式，提(ti)高(gao)大(da)中城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)生態環境(jing)治理效能，推(tui)動中小城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)和縣城(cheng)環境(jing)基礎設(she)(she)施提(ti)級擴能，促(cu)進環境(jing)公(gong)共服務(wu)能力與人口、經濟規模相適應。開展城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)生態環境(jing)治理評(ping)估。

　　（十(shi)九(jiu)）建(jian)設美(mei)(mei)麗(li)鄉村(cun)。因地(di)制宜推(tui)廣浙(zhe)江“千萬(wan)工程”經驗(yan)，統籌推(tui)動鄉村(cun)生態振興和農(nong)村(cun)人居環境整治。加(jia)快(kuai)農(nong)業投入(ru)品減量增效技術集成(cheng)創新和推(tui)廣應用(yong)(yong)，加(jia)強農(nong)業廢棄物資源(yuan)(yuan)化(hua)(hua)利用(yong)(yong)和廢舊農(nong)膜分類(lei)處置，聚(ju)焦農(nong)業面源(yuan)(yuan)污染突出區域(yu)強化(hua)(hua)系統治理(li)。扎實推(tui)進農(nong)村(cun)廁所革命，有效治理(li)農(nong)村(cun)生活污水、垃(la)圾和黑臭(chou)水體。建(jian)立農(nong)村(cun)生態環境監測評(ping)價制度。科學推(tui)進鄉村(cun)綠化(hua)(hua)美(mei)(mei)化(hua)(hua)，加(jia)強傳統村(cun)落保護利用(yong)(yong)和鄉村(cun)風貌引導。到(dao)(dao)2027年(nian)，美(mei)(mei)麗(li)鄉村(cun)整縣建(jian)成(cheng)比例達(da)到(dao)(dao)40%；到(dao)(dao)2035年(nian)，美(mei)(mei)麗(li)鄉村(cun)基本建(jian)成(cheng)。

　　（二十）開展(zhan)創(chuang)新(xin)示范(fan)。分(fen)類施策推(tui)進美(mei)(mei)(mei)麗(li)城市(shi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，實(shi)(shi)施美(mei)(mei)(mei)麗(li)鄉村示范(fan)縣(xian)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)行動(dong)，持續推(tui)廣美(mei)(mei)(mei)麗(li)河湖(hu)、美(mei)(mei)(mei)麗(li)海灣優秀案例。推(tui)動(dong)將(jiang)美(mei)(mei)(mei)麗(li)中國建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)融入基層治(zhi)理創(chuang)新(xin)。深入推(tui)進生態文明(ming)示范(fan)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，推(tui)動(dong)“綠水青山就是金山銀山”實(shi)(shi)踐創(chuang)新(xin)基地建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。鼓(gu)勵(li)自由貿易(yi)試驗區綠色創(chuang)新(xin)。支持美(mei)(mei)(mei)麗(li)中國建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)規劃政策等實(shi)(shi)踐創(chuang)新(xin)。

　　八、開展美麗中國建設全民行動

　　（二十一(yi)）培育(yu)弘揚生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)化。健全(quan)以生(sheng)態(tai)價(jia)值(zhi)觀念為準則的(de)生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)化體(ti)系(xi)，培育(yu)生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明主流價(jia)值(zhi)觀，加快(kuai)形成全(quan)民生(sheng)態(tai)自(zi)覺。挖掘(jue)中華優秀傳統生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)化思想和資源，推出一(yi)批生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)學精品力(li)作，促(cu)進生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)化繁榮發展。充分利用博物(wu)館、展覽館、科教館等，宣傳美麗中國建設生(sheng)動實踐。

　　（二十二）踐行綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳生活(huo)方式(shi)(shi)。倡導簡約適度、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳、文明健康的生活(huo)方式(shi)(shi)和消費模式(shi)(shi)。發展(zhan)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)旅游。持續推進“光盤行動(dong)(dong)”，堅決制(zhi)(zhi)止餐飲(yin)浪(lang)費。鼓勵綠(lv)(lv)色(se)出行，推進城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市綠(lv)(lv)道網絡(luo)建設，深入實施城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市公(gong)(gong)共交(jiao)通(tong)優先(xian)發展(zhan)戰略(lve)。深入開展(zhan)愛國衛生運動(dong)(dong)。提升垃圾分類管理(li)水平，推進地級及以上城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市居民(min)小區垃圾分類全覆(fu)蓋(gai)。構建綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)(di)碳產品標準、認證、標識(shi)體系，探(tan)索建立“碳普惠”等公(gong)(gong)眾(zhong)參與機制(zhi)(zhi)。

　　（二十三）建立多元參與行動(dong)體系(xi)。持續開(kai)展(zhan)“美(mei)麗中國，我是行動(dong)者”系(xi)列活動(dong)。充分(fen)發揮行業協會(hui)商會(hui)橋梁(liang)紐帶作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)和(he)群團組織廣泛動(dong)員作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，完善(shan)公眾(zhong)(zhong)生態環境監督和(he)舉報反饋機制，推進生態環境志愿服務體系(xi)建設(she)。深化(hua)環保(bao)設(she)施(shi)開(kai)放，向公眾(zhong)(zhong)提(ti)供生態文明宣傳教(jiao)育服務。

　　九、健全美麗中國建設保障體系

　　（二十四）改(gai)革(ge)完(wan)善(shan)體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。深(shen)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)，一體推進(jin)(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)集成、機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)創新。強(qiang)化(hua)美麗(li)(li)中國(guo)建設法(fa)(fa)(fa)治保障，推動生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、資源(yuan)能源(yuan)等領(ling)域(yu)相關法(fa)(fa)(fa)律制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)修(xiu)訂，推進(jin)(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)典編纂，完(wan)善(shan)公益(yi)訴(su)訟，加強(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)領(ling)域(yu)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)保護，統(tong)籌(chou)推進(jin)(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)損害賠償。加強(qiang)行政執法(fa)(fa)(fa)與司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)協同(tong)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)，強(qiang)化(hua)在信息通(tong)報、形勢會商、證(zheng)據調(diao)取、糾紛化(hua)解、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)修(xiu)復等方(fang)面銜接配(pei)合(he)。構(gou)建從山頂到海洋的保護治理大格(ge)(ge)局，實施最嚴格(ge)(ge)的生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治理制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)。完(wan)善(shan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)評源(yuan)頭(tou)預防管理體系，全面實行排(pai)污(wu)許可制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，加快(kuai)構(gou)建環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保信用監(jian)(jian)管體系。深(shen)化(hua)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)信息依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)披(pi)露制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)改(gai)革(ge)，探索開(kai)展環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、社會和公司(si)治理評價。完(wan)善(shan)自然資源(yuan)資產管理制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)體系，健全國(guo)土空間用途管制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)。強(qiang)化(hua)河(he)湖長(chang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、林長(chang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。深(shen)入推進(jin)(jin)領(ling)導(dao)干(gan)部自然資源(yuan)資產離(li)任審計，對不顧(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)盲目(mu)決策、造成嚴重(zhong)后果的，依(yi)規依(yi)紀依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)嚴格(ge)(ge)問(wen)責、終身追責。強(qiang)化(hua)國(guo)家自然資源(yuan)督(du)察(cha)。充分發揮生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)部門職能作(zuo)(zuo)用，強(qiang)化(hua)對生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)和環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的統(tong)籌(chou)協調(diao)和監(jian)(jian)督(du)管理。深(shen)化(hua)省以下生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)機構(gou)監(jian)(jian)測監(jian)(jian)察(cha)執法(fa)(fa)(fa)垂直管理制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)改(gai)革(ge)。實施市縣生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)隊伍專業培(pei)訓工程。加快(kuai)推進(jin)(jin)美麗(li)(li)中國(guo)建設重(zhong)點(dian)領(ling)域(yu)標(biao)準規范(fan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)修(xiu)訂，開(kai)展環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)基(ji)準研究，適時修(xiu)訂環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)空氣(qi)質量等標(biao)準，鼓勵出臺(tai)地方(fang)性法(fa)(fa)(fa)規標(biao)準。

　　（二十五(wu)）強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)激勵(li)政(zheng)策。健全資源(yuan)環(huan)境(jing)要(yao)素市場化(hua)(hua)配(pei)置體(ti)(ti)系，把碳排放權、用(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)權、用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)權、排污(wu)權等(deng)納入要(yao)素市場化(hua)(hua)配(pei)置改革總盤子。強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)稅(shui)收政(zheng)策支持(chi)，嚴(yan)格(ge)執(zhi)行環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)稅(shui)法(fa)，完善征收體(ti)(ti)系，加(jia)快把揮(hui)發性有機(ji)(ji)物納入征收范圍。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)清潔生(sheng)產(chan)審核和(he)評價(jia)認證結果應用(yong)(yong)(yong)。綜(zong)合考(kao)慮(lv)企業能(neng)耗(hao)、環(huan)保(bao)(bao)績效水(shui)(shui)平(ping)，完善高耗(hao)能(neng)行業階梯(ti)電價(jia)制(zhi)度(du)(du)。落實(shi)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)收費政(zheng)策，構建(jian)(jian)覆蓋污(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)和(he)污(wu)泥處(chu)(chu)置成本(ben)并(bing)合理(li)盈利的收費機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。完善以農業綠色發展為導向的經濟激勵(li)政(zheng)策，支持(chi)化(hua)(hua)肥農藥(yao)減(jian)量增(zeng)效和(he)整縣推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)畜禽(qin)糞污(wu)收集處(chu)(chu)理(li)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)。建(jian)(jian)立企業生(sheng)態環(huan)保(bao)(bao)費用(yong)(yong)(yong)提取使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)制(zhi)度(du)(du)。健全生(sheng)態產(chan)品(pin)價(jia)值實(shi)現機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)導向的開發模(mo)式和(he)投(tou)融資模(mo)式創新。推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)生(sheng)態綜(zong)合補償，深化(hua)(hua)橫(heng)向生(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)補償機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)建(jian)(jian)設。強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)財(cai)政(zheng)對美麗(li)中國建(jian)(jian)設支持(chi)力度(du)(du)，優化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)態文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)設領域財(cai)政(zheng)資源(yuan)配(pei)置，確保(bao)(bao)投(tou)入規模(mo)同建(jian)(jian)設任務相匹配(pei)。大力發展綠色金融，支持(chi)符合條(tiao)件(jian)的企業發行綠色債券(quan)，引導各類金融機(ji)(ji)構和(he)社會資本(ben)加(jia)大投(tou)入，探索區域性環(huan)保(bao)(bao)建(jian)(jian)設項目金融支持(chi)模(mo)式，穩步推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)氣候投(tou)融資創新，為美麗(li)中國建(jian)(jian)設提供融資支持(chi)。

　　（二十六）加強(qiang)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)支(zhi)撐。推進(jin)綠色(se)低(di)碳科(ke)技(ji)(ji)自立(li)自強(qiang)，創新(xin)(xin)(xin)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)體制機制，構(gou)建(jian)市(shi)場導向的(de)綠色(se)技(ji)(ji)術創新(xin)(xin)(xin)體系。把減(jian)污降碳、多污染(ran)物協同減(jian)排、應對氣候變化(hua)、生(sheng)物多樣性保(bao)護、新(xin)(xin)(xin)污染(ran)物治理(li)、核安全(quan)等作(zuo)為(wei)國家基礎研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)和科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)重點領域(yu)，加強(qiang)關鍵核心技(ji)(ji)術攻關。加強(qiang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)主導的(de)產學研(yan)(yan)(yan)深(shen)度融合(he)，引導企業(ye)(ye)(ye)、高(gao)校(xiao)、科(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)單(dan)位共(gong)建(jian)一批綠色(se)低(di)碳產業(ye)(ye)(ye)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)心，加大高(gao)效綠色(se)環(huan)保(bao)技(ji)(ji)術裝備(bei)產品供給。實(shi)施(shi)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)重大行動(dong)，推進(jin)“科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)2030—京(jing)津(jin)冀環(huan)境(jing)綜合(he)治理(li)”重大項目，建(jian)設(she)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)領域(yu)大科(ke)學裝置和重點實(shi)驗(yan)室、工程技(ji)(ji)術中(zhong)(zhong)心、科(ke)學觀(guan)測研(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)站等創新(xin)(xin)(xin)平臺。加強(qiang)生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明領域(yu)智庫(ku)建(jian)設(she)。支(zhi)持高(gao)校(xiao)和科(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)單(dan)位加強(qiang)環(huan)境(jing)學科(ke)建(jian)設(she)。實(shi)施(shi)高(gao)層次生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)人才(cai)工程，培養造就一支(zhi)高(gao)水平生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)人才(cai)隊伍(wu)。

　　（二(er)十七）加(jia)快數(shu)字賦能。深化(hua)(hua)人(ren)工智(zhi)能等(deng)(deng)數(shu)字技(ji)術應用(yong)，構建美麗中國(guo)數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)治理體系，建設(she)綠色智(zhi)慧的數(shu)字生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明。實施生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)信息化(hua)(hua)工程(cheng)，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)數(shu)據資源集成(cheng)(cheng)共(gong)享和(he)綜合開(kai)發利用(yong)。加(jia)快建立現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)體系，健全天空地海一體化(hua)(hua)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)網(wang)絡，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)(jian)督監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)，推進生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)衛星(xing)載荷(he)研發。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)溫室氣體、地下(xia)水、新(xin)污染物、噪(zao)聲、海洋、輻射、農村環境(jing)等(deng)(deng)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)能力(li)建設(she)，實現降(jiang)碳、減污、擴(kuo)綠協(xie)同監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)全覆(fu)蓋(gai)。提(ti)升生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)預測(ce)(ce)預報(bao)水平。實施國(guo)家環境(jing)守法(fa)行(xing)動，實行(xing)排污單位分類執(zhi)法(fa)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)，大力(li)推行(xing)非現場執(zhi)法(fa)，加(jia)快形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)智(zhi)慧執(zhi)法(fa)體系。

　　（二(er)十八）實施(shi)重大工(gong)程。加(jia)快實施(shi)減(jian)污(wu)降碳協(xie)同工(gong)程，支持(chi)能(neng)源結(jie)構低碳化、移動源清潔化、重點(dian)行業(ye)綠色化、工(gong)業(ye)園(yuan)區循環化轉型等。加(jia)快實施(shi)環境(jing)品質提升(sheng)工(gong)程，支持(chi)重點(dian)領域污(wu)染(ran)減(jian)排、重要河湖海灣綜(zong)合治理、土壤污(wu)染(ran)源頭(tou)防控、危(wei)險廢物(wu)環境(jing)風險防控、新污(wu)染(ran)物(wu)治理等。加(jia)快實施(shi)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護修復(fu)工(gong)程，支持(chi)生(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)樣性保(bao)(bao)護、重點(dian)地(di)區防沙治沙、水土流失(shi)綜(zong)合防治等。加(jia)快實施(shi)現代(dai)化生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)基礎設施(shi)建設工(gong)程，支持(chi)城鄉和園(yuan)區環境(jing)設施(shi)、生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)智慧感(gan)知和監(jian)(jian)測執法應急、核與輻射安(an)全監(jian)(jian)管等。

　　（二十(shi)九）共(gong)謀全(quan)球(qiu)生態文明建(jian)設(she)。堅(jian)持人類(lei)命運共(gong)同體理念，共(gong)建(jian)清潔(jie)美(mei)麗世(shi)界。堅(jian)持共(gong)同但有(you)區(qu)別的責(ze)任原(yuan)則，推動構建(jian)公(gong)平(ping)合理、合作共(gong)贏的全(quan)球(qiu)環(huan)境氣(qi)候治理體系。深化應對氣(qi)候變化、生物多樣(yang)性(xing)保護、海洋(yang)污染治理、核(he)安(an)全(quan)等領域(yu)國際合作。持續推動共(gong)建(jian)“一帶一路”綠色發展。

　　十、加強黨的全面領導

　　（三十）加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)組(zu)織領導。堅持(chi)和加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)黨對美(mei)麗(li)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)建設(she)的(de)(de)全面領導，完善中(zhong)(zhong)央統籌、省負總(zong)責(ze)、市縣抓(zhua)落實(shi)的(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)機(ji)制。充(chong)分發揮中(zhong)(zhong)央生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)察工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)領導小組(zu)統籌協調(diao)和指導督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)促作(zuo)(zuo)用，健全工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)機(ji)制，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)組(zu)織實(shi)施(shi)。研(yan)究制定生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)察工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)條(tiao)例(li)。深入推(tui)進中(zhong)(zhong)央生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)察，將美(mei)麗(li)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)建設(she)情(qing)況作(zuo)(zuo)為督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)察重點。持(chi)續拍攝制作(zuo)(zuo)生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)警(jing)示片(pian)。制定地(di)方(fang)黨政(zheng)領導干部生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)責(ze)任制規(gui)定，建立(li)覆(fu)蓋全面、權責(ze)一致、獎懲分明(ming)(ming)、環(huan)環(huan)相扣(kou)的(de)(de)責(ze)任體系。各(ge)(ge)地(di)區各(ge)(ge)部門(men)要把美(mei)麗(li)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)建設(she)作(zuo)(zuo)為事關全局的(de)(de)重大(da)任務(wu)來抓(zhua)，落實(shi)“黨政(zheng)同責(ze)、一崗雙責(ze)”，及時研(yan)究解決重大(da)問題。各(ge)(ge)級(ji)人大(da)及其常(chang)委會加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)生態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)建設(she)立(li)法工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)和法律實(shi)施(shi)監督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。各(ge)(ge)級(ji)政(zheng)協加(jia)大(da)生態(tai)文明(ming)(ming)建設(she)專(zhuan)題協商和民主監督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)力(li)度。各(ge)(ge)地(di)區各(ge)(ge)有關部門(men)推(tui)進美(mei)麗(li)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)建設(she)年(nian)度工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)情(qing)況，書面送生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)部，由其匯總(zong)后向(xiang)黨中(zhong)(zhong)央、國(guo)務(wu)院報(bao)告。

　　（三十一）壓實(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)責任。生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境部會同國(guo)家(jia)發展(zhan)改革委(wei)等有關(guan)部門制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)分(fen)領域行動(dong)方案，建(jian)(jian)立工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)協調機制(zhi)(zhi)，加快形(xing)成(cheng)美(mei)麗中國(guo)建(jian)(jian)設實(shi)施體(ti)系和推(tui)進落實(shi)機制(zhi)(zhi)，推(tui)動(dong)任務(wu)項目(mu)化(hua)(hua)、清單(dan)化(hua)(hua)、責任化(hua)(hua)，加強統籌(chou)協調、調度評估(gu)和監督管理。各(ge)級(ji)黨委(wei)和政府要強化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)政治(zhi)責任，分(fen)類(lei)施策、分(fen)區治(zhi)理，精(jing)細化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)設。省（自治(zhi)區、直轄市）黨委(wei)和政府應(ying)當結合地方實(shi)際及時(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)配套文件。各(ge)有關(guan)部門要加強工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)銜(xian)接，把握好(hao)節奏(zou)和力(li)度，協調推(tui)進、相(xiang)互帶(dai)動(dong)，強化(hua)(hua)對美(mei)麗中國(guo)建(jian)(jian)設重大工(gong)程的財稅、金融、價格等政策支持。

　　（三十二）強(qiang)化宣傳(chuan)推(tui)廣。持(chi)續深(shen)化習近平生(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)思想(xiang)理論研究、學習宣傳(chuan)、制度創新、實踐推(tui)廣和國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)傳(chuan)播，推(tui)進(jin)生(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)教育納(na)入(ru)干(gan)部教育、黨員教育、國(guo)(guo)(guo)民教育體系(xi)。通過(guo)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)態(tai)日、環境(jing)日等多種形式加(jia)強(qiang)生(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)宣傳(chuan)。發布美麗中國(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)設白皮書。按照有關規定表彰在美麗中國(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)設中成績顯著、貢獻突(tu)出的先進(jin)單位和個人(ren)。

　　（三十三）開(kai)展成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核。開(kai)展美(mei)(mei)麗中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)監測(ce)評價，實施(shi)美(mei)(mei)麗中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)設(she)進程評估。研究(jiu)建(jian)(jian)立美(mei)(mei)麗中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)設(she)成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核指標體系，制定美(mei)(mei)麗中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)設(she)成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核辦法，適時(shi)將污染防(fang)治攻堅(jian)戰成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核過渡到美(mei)(mei)麗中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)設(she)成(cheng)(cheng)效(xiao)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核，考(kao)(kao)(kao)核工(gong)作(zuo)由(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央生態環境保護(hu)督察工(gong)作(zuo)領導小組牽(qian)頭組織，考(kao)(kao)(kao)核結(jie)果作(zuo)為各級領導班子和有關領導干部綜合(he)考(kao)(kao)(kao)核評價、獎懲任免(mian)的重要(yao)參考(kao)(kao)(kao)。