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全過程人民民主的真諦在于保障人民當家作主
時間:2023-04-10 10:00:39  來源:新華日報  作者:

 習近平(ping)總書記在黨的(de)(de)二十大報(bao)告中(zhong)指出:“發展(zhan)全(quan)過(guo)程人民(min)(min)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),保障人民(min)(min)當家(jia)(jia)作主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。”這深刻地揭示了全(quan)過(guo)程人民(min)(min)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)深層本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、價值追求、理(li)念真諦。在馬克思主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)視域中(zhong),民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)追求是一(yi)個沒有止境的(de)(de)歷史進程,民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)實(shi)現(xian)程度(du)是影響國家(jia)(jia)長(chang)治(zhi)久安和(he)持(chi)續發展(zhan)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)因(yin)素,民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量是衡量國家(jia)(jia)治(zhi)理(li)現(xian)代化水(shui)(shui)平(ping)與文明水(shui)(shui)準的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)尺度(du)。不(bu)(bu)同國家(jia)(jia)由于(yu)對(dui)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)理(li)解不(bu)(bu)同,而探索不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)發展(zhan)道路、民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)制度(du)形(xing)(xing)式、民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)實(shi)踐(jian)形(xing)(xing)態,推(tui)動民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)(bu)斷轉化為現(xian)實(shi)的(de)(de)國家(jia)(jia)政治(zhi)生(sheng)活(huo)與治(zhi)理(li)效能。人民(min)(min)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)是社(she)會主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)的(de)(de)生(sheng)命,是全(quan)面建(jian)設社(she)會主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)現(xian)代化國家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)應(ying)有之義(yi)。全(quan)過(guo)程人民(min)(min)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)是社(she)會主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)政治(zhi)的(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬性,是最廣泛、最真實(shi)、最管用的(de)(de)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。

黨(dang)的(de)十八大(da)以(yi)來,我(wo)們(men)黨(dang)深(shen)化對民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)政治(zhi)發(fa)(fa)展規律的(de)認識,提出全過程人民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)的(de)重(zhong)大(da)理念。這一(yi)重(zhong)大(da)理念是對中國(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)人民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)發(fa)(fa)展歷(li)史的(de)深(shen)刻反思,是對中國(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)人民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)顯著優勢的(de)深(shen)刻總結(jie),是對中國(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)人民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)實現(xian)形態的(de)最新概括,為真正實現(xian)人民(min)(min)(min)當家作(zuo)(zuo)主(zhu)進一(yi)步(bu)指明(ming)了正確(que)方向。我(wo)們(men)必須(xu)堅(jian)定(ding)不移走中國(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)社會主(zhu)義政治(zhi)發(fa)(fa)展道路,堅(jian)持(chi)黨(dang)的(de)領導、人民(min)(min)(min)當家作(zuo)(zuo)主(zhu)、依法治(zhi)國(guo)(guo)有(you)機統(tong)一(yi),堅(jian)持(chi)人民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)體地(di)位,充分體現(xian)人民(min)(min)(min)意(yi)志、保障人民(min)(min)(min)權益、激發(fa)(fa)人民(min)(min)(min)創(chuang)造活力(li)。

發展全過程人民民主具有完善的制度保障

民(min)主(zhu)是(shi)(shi)全人類的(de)共(gong)同價值(zhi)、共(gong)同追求、共(gong)同期盼,但民(min)主(zhu)的(de)實(shi)現往往需要(yao)穩定(ding)和有效(xiao)的(de)制度(du)保障。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)產黨在(zai)發展全過程人民(min)民(min)主(zhu)的(de)偉大(da)實(shi)踐(jian)探(tan)索(suo)中(zhong)(zhong),不(bu)斷增強(qiang)歷(li)史主(zhu)動,提高歷(li)史自(zi)覺,堅定(ding)歷(li)史自(zi)信,深刻(ke)地認(ren)識到當今時代,制度(du)競(jing)爭是(shi)(shi)綜合國(guo)(guo)力競(jing)爭的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)方面(mian),制度(du)優勢是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)國(guo)(guo)家贏(ying)得戰(zhan)略(lve)主(zhu)動的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)優勢。因此,我們黨不(bu)斷根據(ju)民(min)主(zhu)實(shi)踐(jian),完善制度(du)、總結(jie)經驗、把(ba)握規律,形成(cheng)了比(bi)較完整、科學、合理(li)的(de)國(guo)(guo)家制度(du)體系,在(zai)此基礎(chu)上(shang)進一步推進中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)民(min)主(zhu)實(shi)踐(jian),使中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)民(min)主(zhu)制度(du)建設與中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)民(min)主(zhu)實(shi)踐(jian)發展相(xiang)適應、相(xiang)協(xie)調、相(xiang)促進。

中國(guo)(guo)特色社會主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)根(gen)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)、基本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)、重要(yao)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du),構(gou)成了全過(guo)程(cheng)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系統性、協調性、全面性制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)體(ti)系。從根(gen)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)看(kan),黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)這(zhe)一(yi)根(gen)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du),為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)實現當(dang)(dang)家(jia)(jia)作主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)提(ti)供(gong)引領(ling)(ling)力量;人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)代表(biao)大會制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)這(zhe)一(yi)根(gen)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)政治制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du),成為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)實現當(dang)(dang)家(jia)(jia)作主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)途徑(jing)和(he)最(zui)高形(xing)式;堅持馬(ma)克思主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)在意(yi)識形(xing)態領(ling)(ling)域指導(dao)地位的(de)(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du),為(wei)(wei)(wei)我們(men)完(wan)善和(he)發展(zhan)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)當(dang)(dang)家(jia)(jia)作主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)提(ti)供(gong)精神動力和(he)文(wen)化滋養(yang)。從基本(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)看(kan),全過(guo)程(cheng)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)通過(guo)中國(guo)(guo)新型(xing)政黨(dang)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)、民(min)(min)(min)族區域自治制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)、基層群(qun)眾(zhong)自治制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)等拓展(zhan)、豐(feng)富、暢通民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)渠(qu)道,形(xing)成了從政黨(dang)到(dao)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)、從國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)到(dao)社會、從中央(yang)到(dao)基層的(de)(de)(de)(de)全方位的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)程(cheng)序(xu),最(zui)大程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)地為(wei)(wei)(wei)解決不(bu)同(tong)(tong)層級、不(bu)同(tong)(tong)地域、不(bu)同(tong)(tong)民(min)(min)(min)族、不(bu)同(tong)(tong)群(qun)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)治理(li)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)問題提(ti)供(gong)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)保障(zhang)。從重要(yao)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)看(kan),全過(guo)程(cheng)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)依據時代發展(zhan),不(bu)斷(duan)創新民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)參與渠(qu)道和(he)參與方式等體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi),完(wan)善群(qun)眾(zhong)舉報監督(du)機制(zhi)(zhi)、為(wei)(wei)(wei)民(min)(min)(min)辦實事長效機制(zhi)(zhi),從而形(xing)成日常化、具體(ti)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)體(ti)系,不(bu)斷(duan)豐(feng)富和(he)擴(kuo)大人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)有序(xu)參與國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)治理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式和(he)途徑(jing)。

由根本制(zhi)度、基(ji)本制(zhi)度、重要制(zhi)度構成的(de)(de)具(ju)有顯著優勢的(de)(de)國(guo)家制(zhi)度體系,既是我們堅定(ding)中國(guo)特色社會主(zhu)(zhu)義道路自信(xin)、理論自信(xin)、制(zhi)度自信(xin)、文化自信(xin)的(de)(de)基(ji)本依據,更是我們發展全過(guo)程(cheng)人(ren)民民主(zhu)(zhu)、實現人(ren)民當家作主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)重要政治(zhi)前提和制(zhi)度保障。

發展全過程人民民主具有重(zhong)要的實現形(xing)式

習近平(ping)總書(shu)記(ji)在黨的(de)(de)(de)二(er)十大報告中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)指出(chu):“協(xie)商民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)是實(shi)(shi)踐(jian)全過(guo)程人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)重要形式(shi)。”在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色(se)社(she)會主(zhu)義制度(du)框架下,有事(shi)好(hao)商量,眾人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)事(shi)情由(you)眾人(ren)商量,從而(er)(er)找到(dao)全社(she)會意愿和要求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)最大公約數,是人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)真諦。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色(se)社(she)會主(zhu)義事(shi)業是廣大人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)事(shi)業,人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)事(shi)業應當(dang)由(you)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)開創、共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)推進、共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)治理,通過(guo)大家(jia)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)協(xie)調達成共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)意志、共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)實(shi)(shi)施。民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)協(xie)商不僅包(bao)含基層協(xie)商,而(er)(er)且(qie)包(bao)括國家(jia)治理各(ge)個層級之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)協(xie)商,不僅設有專門協(xie)商機構,而(er)(er)且(qie)不斷拓寬(kuan)協(xie)調渠道,完善(shan)協(xie)調制度(du),創新協(xie)調方(fang)式(shi),從而(er)(er)實(shi)(shi)現全過(guo)程人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)。

黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十八大(da)(da)以(yi)來,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特(te)(te)(te)色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)協(xie)商民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)不僅(jin)同(tong)選舉(ju)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)一道(dao)成(cheng)為(wei)實(shi)現人民(min)(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)形(xing)式(shi),而且(qie)被黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)十大(da)(da)確(que)定(ding)為(wei)體現人民(min)(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)本(ben)質(zhi)、真(zhen)諦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)形(xing)式(shi)。協(xie)商民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)已經(jing)深(shen)深(shen)嵌入了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特(te)(te)(te)色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)政治(zhi)全(quan)過程,貫(guan)穿于國家治(zhi)理體系和(he)治(zhi)理能力現代化(hua)(hua)(hua)建設過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各環(huan)節,成(cheng)為(wei)充分體現人民(min)(min)(min)(min)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)意志(zhi)、共(gong)(gong)同(tong)愿望、共(gong)(gong)同(tong)理想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)方(fang)式(shi),是(shi)一種比選舉(ju)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)更加日常(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、生活化(hua)(hua)(hua)、具體化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)形(xing)式(shi)。新時代中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特(te)(te)(te)色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)協(xie)商民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),應(ying)當也必須成(cheng)為(wei)實(shi)實(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)、明明白白、真(zhen)真(zhen)切切的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)協(xie)商,必須成(cheng)為(wei)全(quan)方(fang)位、全(quan)過程、全(quan)體人民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)協(xie)商民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)協(xie)商應(ying)當也必須既在(zai)(zai)(zai)重大(da)(da)決(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)之前,又(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)重大(da)(da)決(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)之中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),使經(jing)常(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)協(xie)商與(yu)周期性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)選舉(ju)相互(hu)補充、相互(hu)校正、相互(hu)支撐,不斷提高重大(da)(da)決(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)作出前、重大(da)(da)決(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、重大(da)(da)決(jue)策(ce)(ce)(ce)實(shi)施中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科學(xue)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)平,從而真(zhen)正實(shi)現堅持黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領導、人民(min)(min)(min)(min)當家作主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、依法治(zhi)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有機統一。

發展全過程人民民主具有(you)高(gao)度的政治自(zi)覺(jue)

習近平總書記(ji)指出:“我們要繼續推(tui)進全過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)建設,把(ba)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)當家(jia)作(zuo)主(zhu)(zhu)具(ju)體(ti)地(di)(di)、現(xian)(xian)實(shi)地(di)(di)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)到(dao)黨(dang)治(zhi)國理政的(de)政策措施上來,具(ju)體(ti)地(di)(di)、現(xian)(xian)實(shi)地(di)(di)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)到(dao)黨(dang)和(he)國家(jia)機關各個(ge)方面各個(ge)層級(ji)工作(zuo)上來,具(ju)體(ti)地(di)(di)、現(xian)(xian)實(shi)地(di)(di)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)到(dao)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)對美好(hao)(hao)生活向(xiang)往的(de)工作(zuo)上來。”這一重要論述告誡我們,全過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)不是做樣子,不是裝(zhuang)飾品,不是好(hao)(hao)看的(de)擺設,而是要用來解決人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)要解決的(de)實(shi)際問題的(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu),是過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)與成(cheng)果民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)、程(cheng)序民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)與實(shi)質民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)、直接民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)與間接民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)、人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)與國家(jia)意志的(de)有(you)機統一,是全鏈條、全方位、全覆蓋的(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu),是最(zui)廣泛、最(zui)真實(shi)、最(zui)管用的(de)社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)。

馬克思主(zhu)(zhu)義唯(wei)物史(shi)觀(guan)一直致(zhi)力于(yu)批判舊唯(wei)物主(zhu)(zhu)義關(guan)于(yu)“抽(chou)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)唯(wei)心主(zhu)(zhu)義錯誤觀(guan)點(dian),始終(zhong)將“現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”作(zuo)為把握(wo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類社會政(zheng)治現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)和(he)政(zheng)治發展規律的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)發點(dian),認為“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本質(zhi)并不是(shi)(shi)單(dan)個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)固(gu)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抽(chou)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)物,在(zai)(zai)(zai)其現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)上,它是(shi)(shi)一切社會關(guan)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總和(he)”。馬克思用具體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、歷史(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、全面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會關(guan)系(xi)(xi)理解和(he)把握(wo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本質(zhi),深刻地啟示(shi)我們,“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(民(min)(min)(min)(min))”從來都(dou)不是(shi)(shi)抽(chou)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概(gai)念。習近平總書記指出(chu):“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)不是(shi)(shi)抽(chou)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符號,而是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)一個(ge)具體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),有(you)血有(you)肉,有(you)情感(gan),有(you)愛恨,有(you)夢想,也(ye)有(you)內(nei)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)突和(he)掙扎。”因此(ci),全過程(cheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)雖然以人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)為價值取向(xiang),但人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)恰(qia)恰(qia)是(shi)(shi)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)體(ti)(ti)、群體(ti)(ti)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)協(xie)商(shang)之后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集中(zhong)與整(zheng)(zheng)合(he),充分彰(zhang)顯了(le)“現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”與廣大群體(ti)(ti)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)張(zhang)力。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)最終(zhong)必然落實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)到具體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)或群體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)。任何建(jian)立在(zai)(zai)(zai)否認或忽(hu)視“現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)差異上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)整(zheng)(zheng)體(ti)(ti)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)終(zhong)將是(shi)(shi)一種抽(chou)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)和(he)虛幻(huan)。全過程(cheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)之所(suo)(suo)以最廣泛、最真實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、最管用,關(guan)鍵在(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)承(cheng)認和(he)尊重“現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)益(yi)訴求(qiu)及其基礎上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)協(xie)商(shang)與整(zheng)(zheng)合(he),從而保障人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣泛性(xing)(xing)、真實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)、有(you)效性(xing)(xing),保證人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)權利(li)(li)(li)和(he)對美好生活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)向(xiang)往能夠變成現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。

必須把(ba)(ba)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)全過程人(ren)民(min)民(min)主(zhu)落實(shi)到(dao)黨(dang)(dang)治國(guo)理(li)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)偉大實(shi)踐中。中國(guo)共產(chan)黨(dang)(dang)是(shi)長期執政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)馬克思(si)主(zhu)義政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)黨(dang)(dang),黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)領導和(he)(he)執政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)活動直接決定著國(guo)家發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治方(fang)向、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治決策、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治效果。黨(dang)(dang)必須堅(jian)(jian)持人(ren)民(min)至上,堅(jian)(jian)持以人(ren)民(min)為(wei)中心的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)思(si)想(xiang),堅(jian)(jian)持人(ren)民(min)主(zhu)體地位,以堅(jian)(jian)持和(he)(he)完(wan)(wan)(wan)善中國(guo)特色(se)社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義制度(du)、推(tui)進國(guo)家治理(li)體系和(he)(he)治理(li)能力(li)現代化為(wei)主(zhu)軸,深刻把(ba)(ba)握我(wo)國(guo)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)要求和(he)(he)時(shi)代潮流,把(ba)(ba)制度(du)建設(she)和(he)(he)治理(li)能力(li)建設(she)擺到(dao)更加突出的(de)(de)(de)位置,繼續深化各領域各方(fang)面(mian)(mian)體制機制改革和(he)(he)創新,推(tui)動各方(fang)面(mian)(mian)制度(du)更加成(cheng)熟更加定型(xing)。特別是(shi)不斷完(wan)(wan)(wan)善黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)自我(wo)革命制度(du)體系,全面(mian)(mian)推(tui)進黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)自我(wo)凈化、自我(wo)完(wan)(wan)(wan)善、自我(wo)革新、自我(wo)提高,使黨(dang)(dang)始終成(cheng)為(wei)中國(guo)特色(se)社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義事業堅(jian)(jian)強領導核心。

發(fa)展全(quan)過(guo)程人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)必須落實(shi)到(dao)黨和(he)國家機(ji)關的(de)工作運行中(zhong)。黨和(he)國家機(ji)關作為中(zhong)國特色(se)社會主(zhu)義制度和(he)黨的(de)基(ji)本理(li)論(lun)、基(ji)本路線、基(ji)本方略的(de)執行主(zhu)體,對發(fa)展全(quan)過(guo)程人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)民(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)至關重要(yao)。必須始終堅守初心使命,牢記全(quan)心全(quan)意為人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)服(fu)務的(de)宗(zong)旨,堅持(chi)(chi)群眾路線,時(shi)刻與人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)群眾保持(chi)(chi)血(xue)肉聯系,傾聽人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)群眾的(de)呼(hu)聲與要(yao)求,做(zuo)到(dao)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)政(zheng)于民(min)(min)(min)、問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)需于民(min)(min)(min)、問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)計于民(min)(min)(min)、問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)效于民(min)(min)(min),讓人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)群眾真(zhen)正參與到(dao)現(xian)(xian)實(shi)的(de)國家治理(li)活動中(zhong),保證(zheng)黨的(de)大政(zheng)方針(zhen)得(de)到(dao)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)群眾的(de)擁護和(he)支持(chi)(chi),同人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)一起進(jin)行偉(wei)(wei)大斗爭、建設(she)偉(wei)(wei)大工程、推(tui)進(jin)偉(wei)(wei)大事業、實(shi)現(xian)(xian)偉(wei)(wei)大夢(meng)想。

必(bi)須(xu)把發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)過(guo)程人(ren)民(min)(min)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)落實(shi)(shi)(shi)到實(shi)(shi)(shi)現人(ren)民(min)(min)對(dui)美(mei)好(hao)(hao)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)向往中。我國(guo)社(she)會主(zhu)(zhu)要矛盾已經(jing)轉化為(wei)人(ren)民(min)(min)日(ri)益增長的(de)(de)美(mei)好(hao)(hao)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)需(xu)要和(he)不(bu)(bu)平衡(heng)不(bu)(bu)充分(fen)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)矛盾,實(shi)(shi)(shi)現人(ren)民(min)(min)對(dui)美(mei)好(hao)(hao)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)向往必(bi)然成(cheng)為(wei)黨(dang)和(he)國(guo)家治理活(huo)(huo)動、經(jing)濟(ji)社(she)會發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)根本(ben)出發(fa)點和(he)落腳點。因此,發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)過(guo)程人(ren)民(min)(min)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)就(jiu)必(bi)須(xu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現好(hao)(hao)、維(wei)護好(hao)(hao)、發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)好(hao)(hao)最廣大人(ren)民(min)(min)根本(ben)利益,把人(ren)民(min)(min)擁護不(bu)(bu)擁護、贊(zan)成(cheng)不(bu)(bu)贊(zan)成(cheng)、高(gao)興(xing)不(bu)(bu)高(gao)興(xing)、答(da)應不(bu)(bu)答(da)應作為(wei)衡(heng)量一切工作得失的(de)(de)根本(ben)標準。進入新發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)階段,必(bi)須(xu)貫(guan)徹新發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理念、構建新發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)格(ge)局、推動高(gao)質量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),讓(rang)改革發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)豐富成(cheng)果更(geng)(geng)多(duo)更(geng)(geng)公(gong)平惠及全(quan)體人(ren)民(min)(min),不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)提升最廣大人(ren)民(min)(min)群(qun)眾的(de)(de)獲(huo)得感、幸(xing)福感、安(an)全(quan)感。

總之,全過程人民民主是中國特色社會主義人民民主的(de)實現形(xing)態、鮮明特質、顯著優勢的(de)有機統一,是實現人民當(dang)家作主的(de)內在要求和(he)必(bi)由之路。我們(men)必(bi)須堅決捍衛(wei)“兩(liang)個確立”、增強(qiang)“四個意識”、堅定“四個自信”、做到“兩(liang)個維護”,讓國家治理(li)(li)體(ti)系和(he)治理(li)(li)能(neng)力(li)充分體(ti)現人民意志、匯聚人民智慧(hui)、保障人民權(quan)益(yi)、激發人民創造活力(li),牢(lao)牢(lao)把國家和(he)民族的(de)前途命運掌握(wo)在自己手中,不斷開辟“中國之治”新境界。

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