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 黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)二(er)十大(da)(da)概括提出并深入闡述中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現代(dai)化(hua)理(li)論(lun)，強調以中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現代(dai)化(hua)全面推進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)華民族偉大(da)(da)復興，并指(zhi)出中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現代(dai)化(hua)是(shi)人與(yu)(yu)自(zi)然(ran)和(he)諧(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)現代(dai)化(hua)，必須牢固樹立和(he)踐行綠水青山就是(shi)金山銀山的(de)(de)(de)理(li)念，站在人與(yu)(yu)自(zi)然(ran)和(he)諧(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度謀劃發展。這是(shi)現代(dai)化(hua)理(li)論(lun)的(de)(de)(de)重大(da)(da)創(chuang)(chuang)新，是(shi)習近平生(sheng)態文明思想理(li)論(lun)創(chuang)(chuang)新的(de)(de)(de)最新成果(guo)，也是(shi)推進(jin)生(sheng)態文明建設的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)踐要求(qiu)。要深入學習領(ling)會(hui)、全面貫徹落實(shi)，堅定不移走好(hao)人與(yu)(yu)自(zi)然(ran)和(he)諧(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)現代(dai)化(hua)之路。

一、深(shen)刻領(ling)會(hui)人與自然和諧共生的現(xian)代化的科學邏輯

黨(dang)的十(shi)八大以(yi)來，我們黨(dang)在已有基(ji)礎上繼續前(qian)進，不斷實現(xian)理論(lun)和(he)實踐(jian)上的創(chuang)新突破，成(cheng)功推進和(he)拓展了(le)(le)中(zhong)國式(shi)現(xian)代(dai)化。特別是提出建設人與自(zi)然和(he)諧(xie)共(gong)生的現(xian)代(dai)化，并(bing)將其納入中(zhong)國式(shi)現(xian)代(dai)化的理論(lun)體系(xi)，集中(zhong)體現(xian)了(le)(le)我們黨(dang)在生態文明(ming)建設領域(yu)的理論(lun)創(chuang)新和(he)實踐(jian)創(chuang)新。

從(cong)理論邏(luo)輯看，這一(yi)論斷是馬克思(si)主義(yi)中(zhong)國化時代化的(de)智慧結晶。馬(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)關于人(ren)與自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)關系的(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)想是(shi)這一(yi)(yi)論(lun)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)論(lun)基(ji)石(shi)。馬(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)認為，人(ren)靠自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)界生(sheng)(sheng)活，人(ren)類在同自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)互動中(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)活、生(sheng)(sheng)產、發(fa)展。習近(jin)平總書記繼承(cheng)和發(fa)展了馬(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)關于人(ren)與自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)關系的(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)(si)想，結(jie)合(he)中(zhong)(zhong)國生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明建(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具體實際，提出建(jian)(jian)設(she)人(ren)與自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)和諧共生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現代(dai)(dai)化，深入揭示了人(ren)與自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)環境(jing)不僅相互依存，更是(shi)相互促(cu)進的(de)(de)(de)(de)辯證統(tong)一(yi)(yi)關系，是(shi)當代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)國馬(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)、二(er)十一(yi)(yi)世紀馬(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)在生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明建(jian)(jian)設(she)領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)集中(zhong)(zhong)體現。中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)優秀(xiu)傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化中(zhong)(zhong)蘊含(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)智(zhi)慧是(shi)這一(yi)(yi)論(lun)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)族(zu)土壤和文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化基(ji)因。中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族(zu)向來(lai)尊重(zhong)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、熱愛(ai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)，綿延五(wu)千多年的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明孕(yun)育著豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化。習近(jin)平總書記繼承(cheng)和發(fa)展了中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)優秀(xiu)傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化中(zhong)(zhong)蘊含(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天人(ren)合(he)一(yi)(yi)、道法自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)等哲理(li)思(si)(si)(si)想，把馬(ma)(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)思(si)(si)(si)想精髓同中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)優秀(xiu)傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化精華(hua)貫通起(qi)來(lai)、同人(ren)民(min)群(qun)眾日用而(er)不覺的(de)(de)(de)(de)共同價值觀念融通起(qi)來(lai)，賦予(yu)現代(dai)(dai)化理(li)論(lun)鮮明的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國特(te)色，賦予(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)優秀(xiu)傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化嶄新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時代(dai)(dai)內涵(han)。

從歷史(shi)邏輯看，這一論斷是(shi)我們(men)黨探索現代化經驗的升華凝練。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國成立以后，我(wo)們(men)(men)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)孜孜以求，帶領人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)進行了(le)艱辛探(tan)索(suo)(suo)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)就(jiu)包括對如(ru)何(he)處理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)自然(ran)關系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思考與(yu)探(tan)索(suo)(suo)。毛澤東同志(zhi)提(ti)出(chu)(chu)，我(wo)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任(ren)務(wu)“就(jiu)是要安下心(xin)來，使(shi)我(wo)們(men)(men)可以建(jian)設(she)(she)我(wo)們(men)(men)國家(jia)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工業(ye)、現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農業(ye)、現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)(he)(he)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國防”，同時提(ti)出(chu)(chu)了(le)綠化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)山(shan)川、植樹造(zao)林的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)號(hao)召。改革開(kai)放(fang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)時期，我(wo)們(men)(men)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)提(ti)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任(ren)務(wu)是多方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，各個方面需要綜合平衡，強調(diao)走人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)自然(ran)協調(diao)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道路(lu)，建(jian)設(she)(she)資源節約型、環境(jing)友(you)好型社(she)會(hui)。我(wo)們(men)(men)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)在不同歷史(shi)時期提(ti)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)系(xi)列理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)，為在現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)如(ru)何(he)處理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)自然(ran)關系(xi)積(ji)累了(le)寶貴經(jing)驗。進入新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)時代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，以習近(jin)平同志(zhi)為核心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央從中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族永續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)出(chu)(chu)發(fa)，深刻把握生態(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設(she)(she)在新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)時代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義事業(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要地(di)位和(he)(he)(he)(he)戰略(lve)意義，大(da)(da)(da)力(li)推(tui)(tui)動生態(tai)文(wen)明(ming)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、實(shi)踐(jian)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、制度(du)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，創(chuang)造(zao)性提(ti)出(chu)(chu)一(yi)系(xi)列新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)理(li)(li)(li)念新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)思想新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)戰略(lve)，形成了(le)習近(jin)平生態(tai)文(wen)明(ming)思想，開(kai)辟了(le)生態(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)境(jing)界。黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十八大(da)(da)(da)提(ti)出(chu)(chu)“推(tui)(tui)動形成人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)自然(ran)和(he)(he)(he)(he)諧(xie)發(fa)展(zhan)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)格(ge)局(ju)”，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十九大(da)(da)(da)強調(diao)“我(wo)們(men)(men)要建(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)自然(ran)和(he)(he)(he)(he)諧(xie)共(gong)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)十大(da)(da)(da)進一(yi)步(bu)將“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)自然(ran)和(he)(he)(he)(he)諧(xie)共(gong)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”明(ming)確為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國式現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色之一(yi)，將“促進人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)自然(ran)和(he)(he)(he)(he)諧(xie)共(gong)生”明(ming)確為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國式現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本質要求之一(yi)，充分(fen)體現(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)我(wo)們(men)(men)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)在領導和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族偉大(da)(da)(da)復興歷史(shi)進程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，深化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)認識(shi)、推(tui)(tui)動現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)實(shi)踐(jian)探(tan)索(suo)(suo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)自覺(jue)，為新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)時代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)生態(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設(she)(she)提(ti)供了(le)理(li)(li)(li)論(lun)指引(yin)和(he)(he)(he)(he)根(gen)本遵循。

從實踐邏(luo)輯(ji)看，這一(yi)論斷是新時代生態文明建設偉大實踐偉大成就(jiu)的真實寫照。黨的(de)(de)十八大(da)(da)以來，在習近(jin)(jin)平生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明思想(xiang)指引(yin)下，我們黨從思想(xiang)、法(fa)(fa)律、體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制、組(zu)織、作(zuo)風上全(quan)(quan)面(mian)發(fa)力(li)，開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)一(yi)系(xi)列根本性、開(kai)(kai)創(chuang)性、長(chang)遠性工(gong)作(zuo)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明建設(she)取(qu)得(de)(de)歷史性成(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)、發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)歷史性變革。黨中央、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)組(zu)織實(shi)施(shi)主體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)功能區戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略，印發(fa)實(shi)施(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制改革總體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)方(fang)(fang)案，自(zi)然(ran)資(zi)源(yuan)資(zi)產(chan)產(chan)權制度(du)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)土空間(jian)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)保(bao)護(hu)制度(du)、空間(jian)規劃體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)、資(zi)源(yuan)總量(liang)管理和全(quan)(quan)面(mian)節(jie)約(yue)制度(du)、資(zi)源(yuan)有償使用制度(du)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)補償制度(du)、環(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)理體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)市場體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明績(ji)效(xiao)評價(jia)考核(he)和責任追究(jiu)制度(du)等制度(du)建設(she)取(qu)得(de)(de)重大(da)(da)進(jin)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明法(fa)(fa)律體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)更加完善。優(you)化(hua)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)土空間(jian)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)保(bao)護(hu)格局(ju)，統籌(chou)劃定耕(geng)地(di)和永(yong)久(jiu)基本農田保(bao)護(hu)紅線、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)紅線、城鎮開(kai)(kai)發(fa)邊界三條控制線。推(tui)動建立(li)以國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家公園為(wei)主體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)地(di)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)，整合(he)(he)設(she)立(li)近(jin)(jin)九(jiu)千(qian)二(er)百(bai)個(ge)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)地(di)，設(she)立(li)首批(pi)五個(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家公園。統籌(chou)推(tui)進(jin)山(shan)水(shui)林(lin)(lin)田湖(hu)(hu)草沙(sha)(sha)系(xi)統治(zhi)理，部署(shu)實(shi)施(shi)四十四個(ge)山(shan)水(shui)林(lin)(lin)田湖(hu)(hu)草沙(sha)(sha)一(yi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)化(hua)保(bao)護(hu)和修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)重大(da)(da)工(gong)程，完成(cheng)(cheng)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)治(zhi)理面(mian)積(ji)五點三七萬平方(fang)(fang)公里(li)。持續(xu)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)大(da)(da)規模國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)土綠化(hua)行動，森林(lin)(lin)覆蓋率(lv)由2012年(nian)的(de)(de)21.63%提高(gao)到2021年(nian)的(de)(de)24.02%，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)世(shi)界上森林(lin)(lin)資(zi)源(yuan)增(zeng)長(chang)最多(duo)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家。實(shi)施(shi)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)節(jie)約(yue)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略，2021年(nian)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)單位國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)總值能耗(hao)、水(shui)耗(hao)（用水(shui)量(liang)）、地(di)耗(hao)（建設(she)用地(di)使用面(mian)積(ji)）、二(er)氧化(hua)碳排放分別比2012年(nian)下降26.4%、45%、40.85%、34.4%。著(zhu)力(li)打贏污染防(fang)治(zhi)攻堅戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，實(shi)現大(da)(da)氣(qi)、水(shui)、土壤環(huan)境(jing)持續(xu)好(hao)轉。開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中央生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)督察、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家自(zi)然(ran)資(zi)源(yuan)督察，堅決(jue)查(cha)處一(yi)批(pi)破壞自(zi)然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)重大(da)(da)典型(xing)案件，解決(jue)了一(yi)批(pi)人民群眾(zhong)反映強烈(lie)的(de)(de)突出問(wen)題。積(ji)極(ji)參(can)與全(quan)(quan)球自(zi)然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)治(zhi)理，積(ji)極(ji)穩妥推(tui)進(jin)碳達峰碳中和，成(cheng)(cheng)功舉辦《聯(lian)合(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)防(fang)治(zhi)荒漠化(hua)公約(yue)》《生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物多(duo)樣(yang)性公約(yue)》《濕(shi)地(di)公約(yue)》締約(yue)方(fang)(fang)大(da)(da)會(hui)。塞(sai)罕壩林(lin)(lin)場建設(she)者、浙江(jiang)省“千(qian)村示(shi)范、萬村整治(zhi)”工(gong)程等獲得(de)(de)聯(lian)合(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)“地(di)球衛士獎”，“中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)山(shan)水(shui)工(gong)程”（山(shan)水(shui)林(lin)(lin)田湖(hu)(hu)草沙(sha)(sha)一(yi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)化(hua)保(bao)護(hu)和修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)工(gong)程）入(ru)選聯(lian)合(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)首批(pi)十大(da)(da)“世(shi)界生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)恢復(fu)(fu)旗艦項(xiang)目”。人不負(fu)青(qing)山(shan)，青(qing)山(shan)定不負(fu)人。良好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)蘊含著(zhu)無窮(qiong)的(de)(de)經濟價(jia)值，能夠(gou)源(yuan)源(yuan)不斷(duan)創(chuang)造綜合(he)(he)效(xiao)益，實(shi)現經濟社會(hui)可持續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)進(jin)入(ru)高(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)階段(duan)，經濟增(zeng)速在世(shi)界主要經濟體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)中處于領(ling)先位置，充分證明人與自(zi)然(ran)和諧(xie)共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)現代化(hua)道路走得(de)(de)通、行得(de)(de)穩，是強國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)建設(she)、民族復(fu)(fu)興的(de)(de)正確道路。

二、準確把(ba)握人與(yu)自然和諧共生的現代(dai)化的重大要求

黨的(de)(de)十八(ba)大以(yi)來，以(yi)習近(jin)平同志為核心的(de)(de)黨中(zhong)央以(yi)全新的(de)(de)視野深化(hua)(hua)對共(gong)(gong)產黨執政規(gui)(gui)律、社(she)會(hui)(hui)主義建設規(gui)(gui)律、人(ren)類(lei)社(she)會(hui)(hui)發展規(gui)(gui)律的(de)(de)認識，取得重大理(li)論創新成果。把“人(ren)與自然和諧共(gong)(gong)生(sheng)的(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)”納入中(zhong)國式現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)理(li)論體(ti)系，是(shi)中(zhong)國式現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)道路和人(ren)類(lei)文明新形態(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)重要(yao)內(nei)容。推進新時代(dai)(dai)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建設，必須(xu)立足我國基本國情，準確把握(wo)人(ren)與自然和諧共(gong)(gong)生(sheng)的(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)重大要(yao)求，堅定不移走(zou)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)優先(xian)、節約集約、綠色低碳發展之路。

人與(yu)自(zi)然和諧共生的(de)中國式現(xian)代(dai)化，是黨全面領導生態文明建設的(de)現(xian)代(dai)化。黨(dang)的(de)領導(dao)決(jue)定中(zhong)國式(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化的(de)根(gen)本性質。習近平總書記指出，黨(dang)的(de)領導(dao)直接關系(xi)中(zhong)國式(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化的(de)根(gen)本方向(xiang)、前途命運、最終(zhong)成敗。進(jin)入新(xin)時代(dai)(dai)以來，我們黨(dang)把生(sheng)態文明建設擺在全局工作的(de)突出位置(zhi)，取得了舉世矚目的(de)輝煌業(ye)績(ji)。新(xin)征程上，仍要毫不(bu)(bu)(bu)動搖堅(jian)持黨(dang)的(de)領導(dao)，確保中(zhong)國式(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化錨定人與自然和諧(xie)共生(sheng)的(de)目標行穩(wen)致遠，始終(zhong)保持歷史耐心和戰略定力，一代(dai)(dai)一代(dai)(dai)地接力推進(jin)。要堅(jian)持最嚴格的(de)制(zhi)度(du)、最嚴密的(de)法治，確保黨(dang)中(zhong)央各(ge)項決(jue)策(ce)部署落(luo)地生(sheng)根(gen)見效。要推動生(sheng)態文明體制(zhi)機制(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)革新(xin)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)破除各(ge)方面(mian)弊端(duan)，為人與自然和諧(xie)共生(sheng)的(de)現代(dai)(dai)化注(zhu)入不(bu)(bu)(bu)竭動力，為中(zhong)華(hua)民族偉大復興開(kai)辟廣闊前景。

人與自然和諧(xie)共生的(de)中國式現(xian)代化，是(shi)積(ji)極應對資源環境(jing)緊約束的(de)現(xian)代化。習近平總(zong)書記指出(chu)，節約(yue)資源是(shi)保護(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境的根本之(zhi)策；要(yao)(yao)像(xiang)保護(hu)眼睛一(yi)樣保護(hu)自然(ran)和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)人口規模巨(ju)大，超過現有(you)(you)發(fa)達國(guo)(guo)家人口的總(zong)和(he)，但(dan)人均(jun)資源要(yao)(yao)素占有(you)(you)量遠低于世(shi)界平均(jun)水(shui)平，適宜生(sheng)產生(sheng)活的空(kong)間有(you)(you)限且(qie)分布不均(jun)衡，生(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)修復歷史欠賬(zhang)多，還(huan)面臨(lin)全球氣候(hou)變(bian)化、極端氣候(hou)事(shi)件頻發(fa)等一(yi)系列(lie)新(xin)挑戰；人口達峰(feng)以(yi)及老(lao)齡化、少子化、區域人口增減(jian)分化趨勢對國(guo)(guo)土(tu)空(kong)間治(zhi)理產生(sheng)深遠影響。要(yao)(yao)增強問(wen)題意(yi)識，想問(wen)題、作決(jue)策、辦(ban)事(shi)情(qing)都要(yao)(yao)從國(guo)(guo)情(qing)出(chu)發(fa)，充分考慮資源環(huan)境承載(zai)能力和(he)稟賦特(te)色，不斷(duan)提出(chu)真正(zheng)解決(jue)問(wen)題的新(xin)理念(nian)新(xin)思路(lu)新(xin)辦(ban)法。

人與自然和諧共生的(de)中(zhong)國式現代化，是綠色低碳可持(chi)續(xu)發展的(de)現代化。習近(jin)(jin)平(ping)(ping)總書(shu)記指出(chu)，建立健全(quan)綠色低碳循環(huan)發展經濟體系、促(cu)進經濟社會發展全(quan)面(mian)綠色轉型是解決我(wo)國生態環(huan)境(jing)問題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)之策。近(jin)(jin)代(dai)(dai)以(yi)來，西方(fang)國家的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)大(da)都建立在(zai)以(yi)犧牲資源(yuan)環(huan)境(jing)為代(dai)(dai)價的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上，在(zai)創(chuang)造(zao)巨大(da)物(wu)(wu)質財富的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時，往往造(zao)成環(huan)境(jing)污染(ran)、資源(yuan)枯(ku)竭等問題(ti)，造(zao)成人(ren)(ren)與自(zi)然關(guan)系緊張，甚至導致了自(zi)然界的(de)(de)(de)(de)無情報(bao)復。推動人(ren)(ren)與自(zi)然和諧共生的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)國式現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)，要著(zhu)力(li)避(bi)免西方(fang)資本(ben)主義現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)過程中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生態環(huan)境(jing)問題(ti)，絕不走(zou)“先污染(ran)后治理”的(de)(de)(de)(de)老路。要堅持綠色低碳發展，在(zai)發展中(zhong)保護(hu)、在(zai)保護(hu)中(zhong)發展，在(zai)代(dai)(dai)內與代(dai)(dai)際間公平(ping)(ping)合理配置資源(yuan)，讓當代(dai)(dai)人(ren)(ren)及子孫后代(dai)(dai)享有豐富物(wu)(wu)質財富的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時，也能(neng)遙望星空、看見青山、聞(wen)到花香。

人(ren)與自然和諧共(gong)生的中國式現代(dai)化，是人(ren)民群眾(zhong)共(gong)建共(gong)享生態福祉(zhi)的現代(dai)化。習近平總書記指出(chu)，良(liang)好生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)是最(zui)公(gong)平的(de)公(gong)共(gong)產(chan)品，是最(zui)普(pu)惠的(de)民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)福祉。發展經濟(ji)是為(wei)(wei)了民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)，保護生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)同(tong)樣是為(wei)(wei)了民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)，建設人(ren)(ren)(ren)與自然和諧(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)現(xian)代(dai)化的(de)根本目的(de)是為(wei)(wei)了人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)、造福人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)。既(ji)要創造更多(duo)的(de)物質財(cai)富(fu)(fu)(fu)和精神財(cai)富(fu)(fu)(fu)以滿(man)足人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)日(ri)益(yi)增(zeng)長(chang)的(de)美好生(sheng)(sheng)活需要，也要提供更多(duo)優(you)質生(sheng)(sheng)態產(chan)品以滿(man)足人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)日(ri)益(yi)增(zeng)長(chang)的(de)優(you)美生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)需要。要著力實現(xian)物質財(cai)富(fu)(fu)(fu)與生(sheng)(sheng)態財(cai)富(fu)(fu)(fu)同(tong)步(bu)增(zeng)加，推動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)態優(you)勢轉(zhuan)化為(wei)(wei)發展優(you)勢、生(sheng)(sheng)態財(cai)富(fu)(fu)(fu)轉(zhuan)化為(wei)(wei)物質財(cai)富(fu)(fu)(fu)。要把生(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)明建設轉(zhuan)化為(wei)(wei)全(quan)體人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)自覺行動(dong)，使每(mei)個人(ren)(ren)(ren)都成為(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)的(de)保護者、建設者、受益(yi)者。

人與自(zi)然和諧共生(sheng)的(de)中國式(shi)現代化(hua)，是生(sheng)產、生(sheng)活、生(sheng)態和諧共融的(de)現代化(hua)。習近平總書(shu)記指出(chu)，國(guo)土(tu)(tu)是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)載體；從(cong)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)方面統(tong)籌謀(mou)劃、搞好頂層設(she)計，首(shou)先要把(ba)國(guo)土(tu)(tu)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)開發(fa)格局設(she)計好。國(guo)土(tu)(tu)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)具有稀缺(que)性、唯一性，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)都涉及(ji)國(guo)土(tu)(tu)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)利用(yong)，必須統(tong)籌兼顧(gu)多重(zhong)目(mu)標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)平衡(heng)，實現(xian)開發(fa)與(yu)保護相協調、當前與(yu)長遠相協調。必須堅持系統(tong)觀念(nian)，堅定不移走(zou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產發(fa)展、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)富(fu)裕、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)良好的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)明發(fa)展道路，整體謀(mou)劃國(guo)土(tu)(tu)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)開發(fa)保護，科學布局生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，促進生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)集(ji)約高效、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)宜居適度、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)山清(qing)水秀。要強化底線約束，守牢自(zi)然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)安(an)全邊界底線，把(ba)經(jing)濟活(huo)動、人的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)為限制(zhi)在自(zi)然(ran)資源和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境能(neng)夠承受的(de)(de)(de)限度內，給自(zi)然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)留下休(xiu)養(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。

人與自然和(he)諧(xie)共生的中國(guo)式現(xian)代(dai)化，是(shi)積極(ji)參與全球生態文明建設的現(xian)代(dai)化。保護自(zi)(zi)然生(sheng)態(tai)，維護資(zi)源安全(quan)(quan)，是全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)面臨(lin)的(de)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)挑戰。習近平(ping)總(zong)書記指出(chu)，生(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設關乎人類(lei)未(wei)來，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設綠色(se)家園是人類(lei)的(de)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)夢想。在建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設人與自(zi)(zi)然和諧共(gong)(gong)生(sheng)的(de)現代化(hua)的(de)過程中(zhong)，既要拓展世(shi)界(jie)眼(yan)光(guang)，以(yi)海(hai)納(na)百川(chuan)的(de)寬闊(kuo)胸襟借鑒吸收(shou)人類(lei)一切優秀文明(ming)成(cheng)果(guo)，也要深(shen)度參與、融入全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)生(sheng)態(tai)治理(li)，積(ji)極回應(ying)各國(guo)人民普(pu)遍關切；既要在參與、貢獻全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)治理(li)中(zhong)謀求自(zi)(zi)身發(fa)展，又要以(yi)自(zi)(zi)身發(fa)展更好促進、引(yin)領形成(cheng)公平(ping)合(he)理(li)、合(he)作共(gong)(gong)贏的(de)全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)治理(li)體系，為構(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)人類(lei)命(ming)運(yun)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)體、地球(qiu)生(sheng)命(ming)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)體提出(chu)中(zhong)國(guo)方案、貢獻中(zhong)國(guo)智慧，推(tui)動建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設更加美好的(de)世(shi)界(jie)。

　三、積極投身人與(yu)自然和諧(xie)共生的(de)現代(dai)化的(de)偉大實踐

未(wei)來(lai)五年是(shi)全面建(jian)設社會主義現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)國家(jia)開(kai)局起步的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵時期，也是(shi)推動綠(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、促進(jin)人與自(zi)然和(he)諧(xie)共生(sheng)的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵時期。當前，全黨正在深(shen)入開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)學習(xi)貫徹(che)習(xi)近平新(xin)時代(dai)中國特色(se)(se)社會主義思想(xiang)主題教(jiao)育，作為生(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)設的(de)(de)重要職(zhi)能部門，自(zi)然資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)部將(jiang)牢牢把握“學思想(xiang)、強(qiang)黨性、重實(shi)踐、建(jian)新(xin)功(gong)”的(de)(de)總要求(qiu)，全面貫徹(che)落實(shi)黨的(de)(de)二十大精(jing)神(shen)，積極(ji)踐行習(xi)近平生(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)思想(xiang)，按(an)照“嚴(yan)守資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)安全底線(xian)、優(you)化(hua)國土空間格局、促進(jin)綠(lv)色(se)(se)低碳發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、維護(hu)(hu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)(zi)產權益”的(de)(de)自(zi)然資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)工作定位，堅持可持續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，堅持節約優(you)先、保(bao)護(hu)(hu)優(you)先、自(zi)然恢復為主的(de)(de)方針，更加自(zi)覺投身(shen)建(jian)設人與自(zi)然和(he)諧(xie)共生(sheng)的(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)偉大實(shi)踐。

優(you)化(hua)國土空間(jian)發(fa)展格局(ju)。推(tui)動形成(cheng)主體(ti)功(gong)能約(yue)束有(you)效、國(guo)土開(kai)(kai)(kai)發保(bao)護(hu)有(you)序(xu)的空間發展格(ge)局(ju)，是事關生態文明建設全局(ju)的戰略性(xing)舉措(cuo)。要(yao)健全主體(ti)功(gong)能區制(zhi)度(du)，完善配套政策體(ti)系(xi)，促進各地(di)(di)(di)區發揮(hui)比較優(you)勢(shi)。全面落實耕地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)“兩平衡(heng)一凍(dong)結”制(zhi)度(du)，促進優(you)質耕地(di)(di)(di)“南增北(bei)穩”，推(tui)動耕地(di)(di)(di)“山(shan)上(shang)”換“山(shan)下”，使農(nong)業(ye)空間布(bu)局(ju)更(geng)加符合自然(ran)地(di)(di)(di)理格(ge)局(ju)和(he)農(nong)業(ye)生產規律。加強生態保(bao)護(hu)紅線管理，嚴(yan)格(ge)管控人為(wei)活動，依法有(you)序(xu)在生態保(bao)護(hu)紅線內(nei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)展地(di)(di)(di)質調查和(he)戰略性(xing)礦產資(zi)源(yuan)勘查開(kai)(kai)(kai)采，更(geng)好統(tong)籌生態保(bao)護(hu)與能源(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)安(an)全。加強陸海統(tong)籌，節約(yue)集約(yue)利用淺海近(jin)岸(an)，有(you)序(xu)開(kai)(kai)(kai)拓深(shen)水遠(yuan)岸(an)空間和(he)資(zi)源(yuan)利用。適應人口(kou)總(zong)量、結構變化(hua)和(he)流動趨勢(shi)，分類(lei)引導城(cheng)市化(hua)地(di)(di)(di)區高效集約(yue)發展。嚴(yan)格(ge)管控城(cheng)鎮開(kai)(kai)(kai)發邊(bian)界，打造美麗、宜(yi)居(ju)(ju)、綠色、安(an)全、韌性(xing)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)空間，建設宜(yi)居(ju)(ju)宜(yi)業(ye)和(he)美鄉(xiang)村。保(bao)護(hu)自然(ran)、歷史文化(hua)遺產和(he)風景名勝景觀(guan)資(zi)源(yuan)，彰(zhang)顯我國(guo)國(guo)土空間的特(te)色魅力。

全面提高資(zi)源利用效率。落實(shi)全面節約戰略，是(shi)破解資(zi)(zi)(zi)源瓶頸約束、保護生態環(huan)境的首要之策。要推(tui)(tui)進資(zi)(zi)(zi)源總量管(guan)理(li)、科學(xue)配置、全面節約、循環(huan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，不(bu)斷(duan)提高土地(di)、礦產(chan)、海(hai)洋、林(lin)草(cao)等各類資(zi)(zi)(zi)源利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)效率。加強國土空(kong)間用(yong)(yong)(yong)途管(guan)制，強化建設用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)總量控制，科學(xue)把握建設用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)安排時序和(he)節奏。激勵與約束并舉，健(jian)全標準(zhun)體系(xi)，推(tui)(tui)動土地(di)開(kai)發(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)存量換增量，用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)下換地(di)上，用(yong)(yong)(yong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)、技術(shu)換空(kong)間。推(tui)(tui)動礦產(chan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源綠(lv)色勘查，加快增儲上產(chan)，促進共伴生礦產(chan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源的綜合(he)開(kai)發(fa)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。加大海(hai)域(yu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源市場化出(chu)(chu)讓比例，推(tui)(tui)動建立(li)低效用(yong)(yong)(yong)海(hai)退出(chu)(chu)機(ji)制。推(tui)(tui)動森林(lin)可持(chi)續經(jing)營，落實(shi)草(cao)畜(chu)平衡制度，大力發(fa)展(zhan)人工草(cao)地(di)。

提升生態系統(tong)多(duo)樣性、穩定性、持續性。生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)是一(yi)個(ge)有機生(sheng)(sheng)命軀(qu)體(ti)，必須堅持(chi)山水林(lin)田湖(hu)草(cao)沙(sha)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)治(zhi)理。要加快推進以(yi)(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)公園為主體(ti)的自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)地體(ti)系(xi)(xi)建設(she)，全面完成(cheng)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)地整合優化(hua)，高質量建設(she)第一(yi)批國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)公園，加快推動黃河(he)口、秦嶺、若爾蓋、羌塘、亞洲象等(deng)新一(yi)批國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)公園的設(she)立。持(chi)續實施全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)重(zhong)(zhong)要生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)修復重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)工(gong)程(cheng)總體(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)，以(yi)(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)點生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)功能區、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)、自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)地等(deng)為重(zhong)(zhong)點，以(yi)(yi)“中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)山水工(gong)程(cheng)”為引領(ling)，統(tong)(tong)籌(chou)推進歷史(shi)遺留(liu)礦山生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)修復工(gong)程(cheng)、海洋生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)修復工(gong)程(cheng)等(deng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)工(gong)程(cheng)，筑(zhu)牢國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)安全屏障。實施生(sheng)(sheng)物多樣(yang)性保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)工(gong)程(cheng)，加強外來物種入侵(qin)治(zhi)理。尊重(zhong)(zhong)地域分異規(gui)律，科學(xue)開展大(da)規(gui)模國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)土綠化(hua)行動。推行草(cao)原森林(lin)河(he)流湖(hu)泊濕(shi)地休養生(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)。

積極(ji)穩妥(tuo)推進碳達峰碳中和(he)。我(wo)國(guo)生態(tai)文明(ming)建設(she)已(yi)進(jin)(jin)入以降(jiang)(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)為(wei)重(zhong)點戰略方向、推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)減(jian)污降(jiang)(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)協(xie)同(tong)增效、促進(jin)(jin)經(jing)濟(ji)社會(hui)發(fa)展全(quan)面綠(lv)色(se)轉型、實現生態(tai)環(huan)境質量(liang)改善由量(liang)變到質變的關(guan)鍵時(shi)期，要在保障(zhang)國(guo)家能源(yuan)安全(quan)的基礎上，有計劃分步(bu)驟實施碳(tan)(tan)達峰行(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)。要積(ji)極(ji)支持規劃建設(she)新型能源(yuan)體系(xi)，優先推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)風能、太(tai)陽能就地就近(jin)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)利(li)用，推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)以沙漠、戈壁(bi)、荒漠化地區為(wei)重(zhong)點的大型風光電基地建設(she)，推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)海(hai)洋能規模化、商業化發(fa)展，加強地熱資源(yuan)勘查(cha)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)與(yu)利(li)用。推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)生態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)碳(tan)(tan)匯(hui)能力鞏固提升行(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)，注重(zhong)修復增匯(hui)協(xie)同(tong)。積(ji)極(ji)發(fa)展綠(lv)色(se)金融。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)將碳(tan)(tan)匯(hui)交易納入全(quan)國(guo)碳(tan)(tan)排放權(quan)交易市場(chang)。有序推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)規模化碳(tan)(tan)捕集(ji)利(li)用與(yu)封存技術研發(fa)、示范(fan)和產業化應(ying)用。

積極推動全(quan)球可持(chi)續發展。面(mian)對(dui)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)挑戰，人類是一榮俱榮、一損俱損的(de)命運(yun)共同(tong)體(ti)。要積極(ji)對(dui)外(wai)(wai)宣介習近平生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明思想(xiang)，講好中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明故事(shi)。以中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)—歐盟等藍色(se)伙伴關系(xi)為基礎，拓展生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明伙伴關系(xi)網絡，塑造新型全球生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)治理體(ti)系(xi)。認真履行自(zi)然(ran)資源、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)領(ling)域(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)公約，積極(ji)參與(yu)聯(lian)合國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家管轄(xia)范圍以外(wai)(wai)區域(yu)海洋生(sheng)物多樣性養護(hu)(hu)和可持續利用國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)協定(ding)等國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)談判和磋商(shang)進程，主動承擔同(tong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)情、發展階段和能力相適應的(de)環境(jing)(jing)治理義務。推進跨境(jing)(jing)跨流域(yu)自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)(hu)地、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)廊道共建。培育更多生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)治理優秀人才，廣泛參與(yu)相關國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)標準(zhun)和規則制定(ding)與(yu)實施，加強國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)合作平臺建設。

深(shen)化生態文明體制機制改革。改革(ge)只有(you)進行時，沒有(you)完成時。新(xin)征程上(shang)要聚焦重大問(wen)題，抓(zhua)好重大改革(ge)任務攻堅(jian)克難。要完善自然(ran)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)管(guan)(guan)理制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度體系(xi)，全(quan)(quan)面推(tui)行全(quan)(quan)民所(suo)有(you)自然(ran)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)所(suo)有(you)權委托代理機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)境要素市場化配置體系(xi)，完善自然(ran)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)有(you)償(chang)使用制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。鞏固“多(duo)規(gui)(gui)合一”的(de)國(guo)土(tu)(tu)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)體系(xi)，完善國(guo)土(tu)(tu)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)與國(guo)家(jia)(jia)中長期發展規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)和重點(dian)專項(xiang)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)對接(jie)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)“一張圖”上(shang)統(tong)籌協調(diao)各(ge)類(lei)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)需求和矛盾沖(chong)突。建(jian)立(li)健(jian)全(quan)(quan)覆蓋全(quan)(quan)域(yu)全(quan)(quan)類(lei)型(xing)、統(tong)一銜接(jie)的(de)國(guo)土(tu)(tu)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)用途管(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。深化集(ji)體林(lin)權制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度改革(ge)。完善生態保護修復多(duo)元(yuan)化投入機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。加快推(tui)進國(guo)土(tu)(tu)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)開發保護法、國(guo)土(tu)(tu)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)法、礦產(chan)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)法、耕(geng)地(di)保護法、國(guo)家(jia)(jia)公園法等重點(dian)立(li)法工作。加強國(guo)家(jia)(jia)自然(ran)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)督(du)察，以“長牙齒”的(de)硬措施守住耕(geng)地(di)和生態保護紅線。基于國(guo)土(tu)(tu)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)基礎信(xin)息平臺和國(guo)土(tu)(tu)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)“一張圖”，構建(jian)美麗中國(guo)數字(zi)化治理體系(xi)。