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 　原標題 降電價，還有哪些空間

　　“兩三年前每度電(dian)8毛(mao)多(duo)，通(tong)過(guo)市場化交易等政策，現在平(ping)均每度電(dian)5毛(mao)多(duo)，我們企業是用電(dian)大戶，平(ping)均一天(tian)8萬度電(dian)，這樣算算，一天(tian)就(jiu)能省下2萬多(duo)元電(dian)費。”青(qing)島(dao)鳳凰印(yin)染有限公司(si)常務副總王(wang)磊告(gao)訴(su)記者。隨著近幾年電(dian)力改革的深入推進，從發電(dian)到用電(dian)各個環節擠(ji)空間(jian)，電(dian)價一降(jiang)再(zai)降(jiang)，不少企業已經嘗到了(le)甜頭。

　　降電價，不停(ting)步(bu)，今年目標(biao)已經明確，馬上又要(yao)進入迎峰度夏(xia)時期，如何達成(cheng)目標(biao)，進一步(bu)挖掘降價空間，同時又保障用電需求？記者(zhe)近(jin)日采訪了國家發改(gai)委(wei)價格(ge)司電力處有關(guan)負(fu)責人。

　　電價降了多少？

　　2015年以來累計降低3275億元，今年一般工商業電價再降10%

　　“2016、2017年(nian)兩年(nian)減(jian)(jian)輕企業(ye)負(fu)擔超過5000億(yi)元(yuan)，其(qi)中，降(jiang)低(di)工商業(ye)電(dian)價(jia)減(jian)(jian)輕企業(ye)負(fu)擔超過2000億(yi)元(yuan)。”在不(bu)久(jiu)前(qian)國家發改(gai)委召開的(de)清費減(jian)(jian)負(fu)新聞發布會上，價(jia)格司負(fu)責人對近兩年(nian)電(dian)力降(jiang)成本的(de)成果(guo)報了一個總(zong)賬。

　　據(ju)了(le)(le)解，2015年以(yi)來，國家發(fa)改委已累計減輕企(qi)(qi)業(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)成(cheng)本(ben)3275億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。細(xi)算這筆賬，主要是(shi)(shi)6個(ge)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措施在發(fa)揮效用(yong)。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)聯動，兩(liang)(liang)次降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)燃煤機組標桿上網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，相應降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)向(xiang)所(suo)有(you)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)每(mei)(mei)千瓦時(shi)1分8，降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)向(xiang)中小工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)般工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)每(mei)(mei)千瓦時(shi)3分，合計降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)成(cheng)本(ben)835億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。二是(shi)(shi)32個(ge)省(sheng)級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)改革，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)核(he)減的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準許收(shou)入，全(quan)部用(yong)于降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商企(qi)(qi)業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)每(mei)(mei)千瓦時(shi)1分，涉及降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)成(cheng)本(ben)480億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。三是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)場(chang)化交易范圍擴大(da)，2017年市(shi)場(chang)交易電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量1.6萬億千瓦時(shi)，包括跨省(sheng)跨區電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力交易和(he)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)權交易，平均每(mei)(mei)千瓦時(shi)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)5分錢，降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)成(cheng)本(ben)680億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。四是(shi)(shi)取(qu)(qu)消(xiao)(xiao)和(he)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)征收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)金(jin)(jin)及附加(jia)，相應降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)商業(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)。包括“三取(qu)(qu)消(xiao)(xiao)、兩(liang)(liang)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)”，分別(bie)取(qu)(qu)消(xiao)(xiao)城市(shi)公用(yong)事業(ye)附加(jia)350億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，取(qu)(qu)消(xiao)(xiao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)結(jie)構調整專(zhuan)項(xiang)資金(jin)(jin)390億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，取(qu)(qu)消(xiao)(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化鐵路還貸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)60億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)重大(da)水利工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)基(ji)金(jin)(jin)和(he)大(da)中型(xing)水庫移民(min)后期扶持基(ji)金(jin)(jin)各25%，共(gong)160億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。五是(shi)(shi)完善(shan)兩(liang)(liang)部制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)執(zhi)行方式，規定企(qi)(qi)業(ye)可以(yi)根(gen)據(ju)自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)申請調整需量（容(rong)量）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)執(zhi)行方式從而(er)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)需量（容(rong)量）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)費，涉及資金(jin)(jin)150億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。六(liu)是(shi)(shi)取(qu)(qu)消(xiao)(xiao)對中小化肥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)惠(hui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，用(yong)涉及的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資金(jin)(jin)170億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)降(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)了(le)(le)相關21個(ge)省(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)1分錢。

　　今年，《政府工(gong)作報(bao)告》提出了“一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)工(gong)商業(ye)電(dian)價(jia)(jia)平均降低(di)(di)10%”的目標，半(ban)年未(wei)過(guo)，通過(guo)推(tui)進區(qu)域電(dian)網(wang)和跨省跨區(qu)專(zhuan)項(xiang)工(gong)程輸電(dian)價(jia)(jia)格改革、進一(yi)步(bu)規范和降低(di)(di)電(dian)網(wang)環節收費(fei)、臨時(shi)(shi)性降低(di)(di)輸配電(dian)價(jia)(jia)以及電(dian)力行業(ye)增(zeng)值稅稅率調整等多項(xiang)措(cuo)施，相(xiang)應(ying)降低(di)(di)一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)工(gong)商業(ye)電(dian)價(jia)(jia)平均每千瓦時(shi)(shi)6.48分，總計648億元(yuan)，相(xiang)應(ying)完成(cheng)“一(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)工(gong)商業(ye)電(dian)價(jia)(jia)平均降低(di)(di)10%”任務的近(jin)70%。

　　“完成全年目標應該(gai)很有(you)信心。”國家(jia)發(fa)改(gai)(gai)委價(jia)格司(si)電(dian)力處有(you)關負責人(ren)表示(shi)，不過隨著(zhu)各項降價(jia)措施的深入推(tui)進，也意味(wei)著(zhu)降電(dian)價(jia)的空間越(yue)來越(yue)小，降電(dian)價(jia)難度越(yue)來越(yue)大，需要更大的改(gai)(gai)革智(zhi)慧。

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