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公(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟和(he)非(fei)(fei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟都是(shi)(shi)社會(hui)主義市場經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟的(de)(de)重要(yao)組成部分(fen)，都是(shi)(shi)我(wo)國經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)重要(yao)基(ji)礎(chu)。長期以(yi)來，尤其是(shi)(shi)黨的(de)(de)十八大以(yi)來，黨中央(yang)一直堅持以(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)制為(wei)主體(ti)、多種所有(you)(you)(you)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟共(gong)同(tong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟制度和(he)“兩個毫不動搖”的(de)(de)方針(zhen)（毫不動搖鞏(gong)固和(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟，毫不動搖鼓勵、支(zhi)持、引(yin)(yin)導非(fei)(fei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)）。習近平總書記指出，“非(fei)(fei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟在(zai)我(wo)國經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)中的(de)(de)地位和(he)作用(yong)沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)變(bian)，我(wo)們鼓勵、支(zhi)持、引(yin)(yin)導非(fei)(fei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)方針(zhen)政(zheng)策(ce)沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)變(bian)，我(wo)們致力(li)于(yu)為(wei)非(fei)(fei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)制經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)營造(zao)良好環境和(he)提(ti)供更多機會(hui)的(de)(de)方針(zhen)政(zheng)策(ce)沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)變(bian)”。這幾(ji)年，圍繞解決制約(yue)民(min)(min)營經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)融(rong)資困難、市場準(zhun)入、平等發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)等問題，國家出臺了一系列政(zheng)策(ce)措施(shi)，同(tong)時，深化國有(you)(you)(you)企業改(gai)革，民(min)(min)營企業依(yi)法平等使用(yong)生產(chan)要(yao)素、公(gong)(gong)(gong)開公(gong)(gong)(gong)平公(gong)(gong)(gong)正參(can)與市場競爭(zheng)、同(tong)等受到法律(lv)保護(hu)的(de)(de)環境正在(zai)形成，經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟活力(li)和(he)創(chuang)造(zao)力(li)不斷增強。

　　深入(ru)推進混(hun)(hun)合所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)，積極引入(ru)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)資(zi)本(ben)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)本(ben)、集(ji)體(ti)資(zi)本(ben)、非(fei)公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)本(ben)等(deng)(deng)交叉持股、相互融合的(de)混(hun)(hun)合所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)，是(shi)基本(ben)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)的(de)重(zhong)要實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)形式。自2015年(nian)9月頒發(fa)《國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)關(guan)于國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)混(hun)(hun)合所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)的(de)意見》以(yi)來，混(hun)(hun)合所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)扎實(shi)(shi)推進，目(mu)前(qian)中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)所(suo)(suo)屬企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)，超(chao)過三分(fen)之二的(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)了國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)本(ben)和(he)社會資(zi)本(ben)在產(chan)權層面的(de)混(hun)(hun)合。重(zhong)點(dian)領域混(hun)(hun)改(gai)試點(dian)持續深化(hua)，按(an)照(zhao)完善治理、強化(hua)激勵(li)、突出主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、提高(gao)效率的(de)要求，已經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)分(fen)3批共50家國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)獲批進行混(hun)(hun)合所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)試點(dian)，涉(she)及電力(li)、石油、天然氣、鐵(tie)路、民(min)(min)航、電信、軍工、金(jin)融、重(zhong)要商(shang)品等(deng)(deng)領域。與(yu)(yu)(yu)以(yi)前(qian)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)混(hun)(hun)合所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)相比，此(ci)輪(lun)混(hun)(hun)合所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)特別強調國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)本(ben)和(he)非(fei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)資(zi)本(ben)雙向進入(ru)、交叉持股，民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)也可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，并支持建立非(fei)公經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)控股的(de)混(hun)(hun)合所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。為促進轉(zhuan)型(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、追求規模經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)以(yi)及利用國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)資(zi)源優勢，近年(nian)來，民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)通(tong)過資(zi)產(chan)重(zhong)組、參與(yu)(yu)(yu)新建投資(zi)項目(mu)等(deng)(deng)方式實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)了與(yu)(yu)(yu)公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)產(chan)權混(hun)(hun)合，絕(jue)大部分(fen)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領域都(dou)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)看到民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)混(hun)(hun)合所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)制(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。隨著民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)資(zi)本(ben)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)力(li)度(du)加大，越來越多的(de)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)資(zi)本(ben)不再滿足(zu)于從屬型(xing)、合作型(xing)關(guan)系，而(er)由原來參與(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)產(chan)權改(gai)革(ge)(ge)向擁有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)話(hua)語權和(he)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)決(jue)策轉(zhuan)變。

　　進一(yi)(yi)步放寬市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)準入，拓寬民(min)(min)間資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)的(de)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)領域(yu)。長期以(yi)來，針(zhen)對民(min)(min)營企業(ye)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)準入問(wen)題，中(zhong)央及地方(fang)(fang)(fang)政府(fu)多次(ci)出臺政策措施，拓寬民(min)(min)間投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)渠道，努力打破制(zhi)約民(min)(min)間投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)“玻璃門(men)”“彈簧門(men)”“旋轉門(men)”，充(chong)分調動了(le)(le)民(min)(min)間投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)積(ji)極性。全(quan)面實施并不(bu)斷完善市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)準入負面清單(dan)制(zhi)度(du)，“法無禁止即可為”，清單(dan)之外的(de)領域(yu)，各類市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)主體皆可依(yi)法進入。與此同(tong)時，國務院(yuan)國資(zi)(zi)(zi)委和部分地方(fang)(fang)(fang)國資(zi)(zi)(zi)委制(zhi)定了(le)(le)國有資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)負面清單(dan)，列入負面清單(dan)禁止類投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)項目，中(zhong)央企業(ye)一(yi)(yi)律不(bu)得投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)，為民(min)(min)間資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)騰出更大(da)發(fa)展空間。近(jin)期，又進一(yi)(yi)步下大(da)力氣努力降低民(min)(min)間資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)進入重點領域(yu)的(de)門(men)檻，在(zai)環(huan)保、交通、油氣、電信、社會事業(ye)等方(fang)(fang)(fang)面，向民(min)(min)間資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)集(ji)中(zhong)推(tui)介了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)大(da)批商業(ye)潛力大(da)、投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)回報(bao)機制(zhi)明(ming)確的(de)項目，并積(ji)極支持民(min)(min)間資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)(ben)控股。同(tong)時，取消和減少了(le)(le)阻(zu)礙民(min)(min)間投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)進入養(yang)老、醫療等領域(yu)的(de)附加條(tiao)件，幫助解決(jue)了(le)(le)土(tu)地、資(zi)(zi)(zi)金、人才(cai)等方(fang)(fang)(fang)面的(de)難(nan)題。這些舉措提振(zhen)了(le)(le)民(min)(min)營經(jing)濟發(fa)展預期和信心(xin)，激(ji)發(fa)了(le)(le)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)活力。

　　長短結合(he)改(gai)善融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)環境(jing)(jing)，著力解(jie)決(jue)(jue)民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)難融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)貴問(wen)(wen)(wen)題。融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題是我國民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)乃至世界中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)面臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)共同難題。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央高度(du)重視民(min)營(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)難融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)貴問(wen)(wen)(wen)題。近(jin)年(nian)來(lai)，除了(le)(le)先后實施穩(wen)健和(he)穩(wen)健中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)貨(huo)幣政策(ce)，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)(chi)流動(dong)性(xing)合(he)理充裕，引導(dao)貨(huo)幣信(xin)(xin)貸(dai)和(he)社會(hui)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)規模(mo)平穩(wen)適度(du)增(zeng)(zeng)長外，還按照(zhao)短期(qi)精(jing)準發(fa)(fa)力、長期(qi)標(biao)本(ben)(ben)兼(jian)治的(de)(de)(de)(de)思路(lu)，努力改(gai)善中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)環境(jing)(jing)、降(jiang)低(di)(di)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)成本(ben)(ben)。近(jin)年(nian)來(lai)，通過(guo)擴(kuo)(kuo)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)定向降(jiang)準政策(ce)適用范圍、發(fa)(fa)展支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)擔保(bao)(bao)服(fu)務(wu)、對支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構利息收入免征增(zeng)(zeng)值(zhi)稅、持(chi)(chi)續推(tui)進中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)(xin)用體(ti)系(xi)建設(she)(she)(she)、積極運用信(xin)(xin)貸(dai)政策(ce)支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)再貸(dai)款、再貼(tie)現等措施，引導(dao)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構加(jia)(jia)大(da)對小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)貸(dai)支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)力度(du)。擴(kuo)(kuo)容不低(di)(di)于AA級的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)(xin)用債(zhai)擔保(bao)(bao)品(pin)范圍，放(fang)松(song)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)低(di)(di)評級企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)擔保(bao)(bao)品(pin)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質要求，改(gai)善了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)債(zhai)券融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)環境(jing)(jing)。2017年(nian)，針(zhen)對去杠桿疊(die)加(jia)(jia)嚴監(jian)管，融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)環境(jing)(jing)總體(ti)趨緊，融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“所有制(zhi)偏(pian)好(hao)”和(he)“規模(mo)偏(pian)好(hao)”問(wen)(wen)(wen)題更加(jia)(jia)突出(chu)等新(xin)情(qing)況，九部(bu)(bu)委(wei)出(chu)臺了(le)(le)大(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)型商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)設(she)(she)(she)立普惠金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)(bu)實施方案。目前，國內所有大(da)型商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)以及幾家全(quan)國股份制(zhi)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)都在總行(xing)(xing)(xing)層面專(zhuan)門(men)設(she)(she)(she)立普惠金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)(bu)，在分行(xing)(xing)(xing)、縣(xian)支(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)設(she)(she)(she)立了(le)(le)服(fu)務(wu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)門(men)機(ji)(ji)構。今年(nian)5月份以來(lai)，銀保(bao)(bao)監(jian)會(hui)實行(xing)(xing)(xing)“兩增(zeng)(zeng)兩控(kong)”新(xin)目標(biao)，要求商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)貸(dai)款的(de)(de)(de)(de)同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)速不低(di)(di)于各項貸(dai)款的(de)(de)(de)(de)同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)速，對小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)客戶數(shu)不低(di)(di)于去年(nian)同期(qi)。長期(qi)看，解(jie)決(jue)(jue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)難，關鍵在于完善金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)服(fu)務(wu)體(ti)系(xi)，一(yi)方面，允(yun)許(xu)具備(bei)條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)間(jian)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)依法發(fa)(fa)起(qi)設(she)(she)(she)立中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)型銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)等金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構，促進信(xin)(xin)貸(dai)供給(gei)主體(ti)多元化；另一(yi)方面，加(jia)(jia)快發(fa)(fa)展多層次資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)市場，支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)符(fu)(fu)合(he)條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通過(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)板(ban)、新(xin)三板(ban)、創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)板(ban)、區域性(xing)股權(quan)交易平臺進行(xing)(xing)(xing)股權(quan)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)，進一(yi)步簡(jian)化中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)股份轉(zhuan)讓許(xu)可，繼續推(tui)動(dong)債(zhai)券市場創新(xin)發(fa)(fa)展，鼓勵中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)非(fei)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)債(zhai)務(wu)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)工具，支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)符(fu)(fu)合(he)條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構發(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)債(zhai)券，通過(guo)提高直接融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)比(bi)重降(jiang)低(di)(di)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)成本(ben)(ben)。

　　精準(zhun)施策出臺優(you)惠(hui)政策，切實(shi)(shi)(shi)降(jiang)低民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)費負(fu)(fu)擔(dan)。為進(jin)一(yi)步減(jian)輕以中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)為代(dai)表的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)(shou)負(fu)(fu)擔(dan)，除了(le)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)能夠享(xiang)受普(pu)惠(hui)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)(shou)優(you)惠(hui)以外(wai)，國(guo)(guo)家還專門(men)出臺了(le)針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)經濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)系(xi)列(lie)措施，不斷加(jia)大優(you)惠(hui)力度(du)。例如，擴大小(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)享(xiang)受減(jian)半征(zheng)收(shou)(shou)所得(de)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)優(you)惠(hui)政策的(de)(de)(de)范圍，從(cong)年(nian)納(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)所得(de)額(e)上(shang)(shang)限(xian)的(de)(de)(de)20萬(wan)元(yuan)提升到目前的(de)(de)(de)100萬(wan)元(yuan)；統一(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)規模納(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人年(nian)銷售額(e)的(de)(de)(de)標準(zhun)，同時允許(xu)小(xiao)(xiao)規模納(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)額(e)月銷售額(e)不超(chao)過(guo)3萬(wan)元(yuan)（季度(du)不超(chao)過(guo)9萬(wan)元(yuan)）免征(zheng)增值(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)；小(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)借款合同免征(zheng)印花稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，該項(xiang)政策延(yan)期至2020年(nian)。以上(shang)(shang)措施實(shi)(shi)(shi)施后，每年(nian)能為中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)帶來上(shang)(shang)千億元(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)(shou)減(jian)免。與此同時，針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)尤其是民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)(shou)優(you)惠(hui)獲得(de)感不足的(de)(de)(de)問題，國(guo)(guo)務院及相關部委還進(jin)一(yi)步優(you)化納(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)服務、擴大優(you)惠(hui)政策應用(yong)范圍、提高稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)(shou)政策優(you)惠(hui)力度(du)以及提高政策的(de)(de)(de)可操作性(xing)等。為減(jian)輕企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)費負(fu)(fu)擔(dan)，相關部門(men)清(qing)(qing)(qing)理規范涉(she)企(qi)(qi)收(shou)(shou)費，嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行(xing)全國(guo)(guo)政府定(ding)價(jia)的(de)(de)(de)經營(ying)(ying)服務性(xing)收(shou)(shou)費目錄清(qing)(qing)(qing)單制度(du)，完善(shan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)單動(dong)態調整機制，開展涉(she)企(qi)(qi)收(shou)(shou)費專項(xiang)檢查。近日召開的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)務院常務會議(yi)要求(qiu)，把(ba)減(jian)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)降(jiang)費措施切實(shi)(shi)(shi)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)到位，同時嚴(yan)禁自(zi)行(xing)對(dui)(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)歷(li)史社保欠(qian)費進(jin)行(xing)集中(zhong)清(qing)(qing)(qing)繳。

　　持續推(tui)(tui)進“放管服(fu)”改革，優(you)化民營(ying)(ying)企業(ye)營(ying)(ying)商環境(jing)。按照(zhao)黨中央的統一(yi)部署，國務(wu)院和(he)(he)(he)(he)各地政(zheng)(zheng)府把簡政(zheng)(zheng)放權作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)“先(xian)手棋”和(he)(he)(he)(he)“當頭(tou)炮”，大(da)(da)力(li)(li)推(tui)(tui)進“放管服(fu)”改革，工(gong)商登記由“先(xian)證后照(zhao)”改為(wei)(wei)“先(xian)照(zhao)后證”“證照(zhao)合(he)一(yi)”，注冊資本(ben)(ben)由“實繳制(zhi)”改為(wei)(wei)“認繳制(zhi)”，最大(da)(da)限度(du)減少了(le)政(zheng)(zheng)府對微觀事(shi)務(wu)的管理。加快推(tui)(tui)行公(gong)平(ping)競爭(zheng)審查制(zhi)度(du)，強(qiang)化反壟(long)斷執法，持續加強(qiang)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)價格行為(wei)(wei)監管，清(qing)理和(he)(he)(he)(he)廢除妨(fang)礙全國統一(yi)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)公(gong)平(ping)競爭(zheng)的各種(zhong)規定和(he)(he)(he)(he)做(zuo)法，為(wei)(wei)各類(lei)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)營(ying)(ying)造(zao)公(gong)平(ping)競爭(zheng)的市(shi)(shi)場(chang)環境(jing)。完善(shan)產(chan)(chan)權保護(hu)制(zhi)度(du)，甄(zhen)別糾(jiu)(jiu)正(zheng)了(le)一(yi)批涉產(chan)(chan)權糾(jiu)(jiu)紛案件，保護(hu)各種(zhong)所有制(zhi)經(jing)濟產(chan)(chan)權和(he)(he)(he)(he)合(he)法利益，不斷增(zeng)進社會公(gong)平(ping)正(zheng)義。營(ying)(ying)造(zao)企業(ye)家(jia)(jia)健康成(cheng)長環境(jing)，弘揚優(you)秀企業(ye)家(jia)(jia)精神，支(zhi)持企業(ye)家(jia)(jia)專心(xin)創新創業(ye)。此外，還(huan)注重運用(yong)大(da)(da)數據、云計算(suan)等(deng)信息技術，大(da)(da)力(li)(li)發展電子政(zheng)(zheng)務(wu)，大(da)(da)力(li)(li)推(tui)(tui)廣“互聯網(wang)+政(zheng)(zheng)府服(fu)務(wu)”模式(shi)，提高各類(lei)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)辦事(shi)便利度(du)，提升(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)府服(fu)務(wu)質量和(he)(he)(he)(he)效率(lv)，進一(yi)步降低社會交易成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)和(he)(he)(he)(he)民營(ying)(ying)企業(ye)的營(ying)(ying)商成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)。在一(yi)系列政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)下，“親”“清(qing)”新型政(zheng)(zheng)商關系加快構建，民營(ying)(ying)經(jing)濟營(ying)(ying)商環境(jing)持續改善(shan)，市(shi)(shi)場(chang)活力(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)創造(zao)力(li)(li)迸發，我(wo)國經(jing)濟發展的內生動(dong)力(li)(li)不斷增(zeng)強(qiang)。

　　中國特(te)色社會主義進入新(xin)時代，實現更(geng)(geng)高(gao)質量、更(geng)(geng)有(you)效率、更(geng)(geng)加公平(ping)(ping)、更(geng)(geng)可持續的(de)(de)(de)發展，解決發展不(bu)平(ping)(ping)衡不(bu)充分問題，不(bu)斷(duan)滿足人民(min)(min)日益增長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)美好(hao)生活需要(yao)，民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)經(jing)(jing)濟扮演不(bu)可或缺(que)的(de)(de)(de)角色。當(dang)前民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企業(ye)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)中遇到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)困難，既與(yu)國際環(huan)(huan)境(jing)復雜多變(bian)、我國發展條件正(zheng)發生深刻變(bian)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)大環(huan)(huan)境(jing)有(you)關，也(ye)與(yu)市場化(hua)改(gai)革尚未完全到(dao)位、制(zhi)約其發展的(de)(de)(de)體制(zhi)機制(zhi)障礙仍然(ran)存(cun)在有(you)關，還與(yu)部(bu)分民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企業(ye)技術創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)水平(ping)(ping)和(he)(he)管理水平(ping)(ping)低、發展方(fang)式粗放有(you)關。隨著全面深化(hua)改(gai)革和(he)(he)供(gong)給側結構性(xing)改(gai)革的(de)(de)(de)深入推進，鼓勵、支(zhi)持、引導民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)經(jing)(jing)濟發展的(de)(de)(de)政策體系更(geng)(geng)加完善，政策環(huan)(huan)境(jing)和(he)(he)社會氛圍更(geng)(geng)加良好(hao)。民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)經(jing)(jing)濟積(ji)極克服傳統思(si)維慣(guan)性(xing)和(he)(he)路徑依賴，主動適應國際和(he)(he)國內(nei)發展環(huan)(huan)境(jing)新(xin)變(bian)化(hua)，加快科技創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)和(he)(he)管理創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)，將順利跨過“市場冰(bing)山”“融資高(gao)山”和(he)(he)“轉型火山”。

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