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在常態(tai)化疫(yi)情(qing)防控下，有效落實普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)政策(ce)，支持民營小微(wei)企(qi)業發展，已經(jing)成為社會(hui)重要共識。雖然(ran)當前(qian)全國復(fu)工復(fu)產復(fu)商復(fu)市形(xing)勢較好，但受疫(yi)情(qing)影響，民營小微(wei)企(qi)業經(jing)營壓力依然(ran)普(pu)遍較大，需要從(cong)(cong)提(ti)高金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)政策(ce)執行靈活性、調動基層金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)從(cong)(cong)業人(ren)員積極性、明(ming)確金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)產品創設需求導(dao)向性等入手，打(da)造高效的普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)銀企(qi)對接平臺(tai)，有效提(ti)高普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)政策(ce)直達性。

　　近日，中(zhong)國(guo)人民銀(yin)行(xing)貨幣政(zheng)策委員會(hui)2020年二(er)季(ji)度例會(hui)提出，要有效(xiao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮結構性(xing)貨幣政(zheng)策工(gong)具(ju)的(de)精準滴灌作用，銀(yin)保監會(hui)印發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)銀(yin)行(xing)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)金(jin)(jin)融服務監管(guan)評價(jia)辦(ban)法，從(cong)制度設計、政(zheng)策導(dao)向、激勵約(yue)束等三個(ge)方(fang)面，精準構建了(le)普(pu)(pu)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)融政(zheng)策直(zhi)達實(shi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)經濟的(de)三角支撐。實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)，各類銀(yin)行(xing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展普(pu)(pu)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)融業(ye)(ye)務的(de)積極性(xing)明顯上(shang)(shang)升，普(pu)(pu)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)融業(ye)(ye)務發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展態勢繼續向好，利用大數據信息線(xian)上(shang)(shang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)放個(ge)體(ti)(ti)(ti)工(gong)商(shang)(shang)戶貸(dai)款(kuan)逐步成為趨勢。截至2020年3月末(mo)，全國(guo)普(pu)(pu)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)型(xing)(xing)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)貸(dai)款(kuan)余(yu)(yu)額12.55萬億元，同(tong)比(bi)增長25.93%；其中(zhong)，普(pu)(pu)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)型(xing)(xing)個(ge)體(ti)(ti)(ti)工(gong)商(shang)(shang)戶貸(dai)款(kuan)余(yu)(yu)額4.01萬億元，同(tong)比(bi)增長16.63%；在納入市場監管(guan)總局小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)錄的(de)個(ge)體(ti)(ti)(ti)工(gong)商(shang)(shang)戶中(zhong)，貸(dai)款(kuan)覆蓋率為21.4%。2020年一季(ji)度，全國(guo)銀(yin)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)金(jin)(jin)融機構新發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)放普(pu)(pu)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)型(xing)(xing)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)貸(dai)款(kuan)利率6.15%，在2019年基礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)下降了(le)0.55個(ge)百分(fen)點。

　　在(zai)肯(ken)定(ding)普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)發(fa)展成(cheng)績同時(shi)，也(ye)要清醒認(ren)識當前基(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)發(fa)展所面臨的(de)問題。基(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)政策缺乏彈性，普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)和(he)非(fei)普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)業(ye)務(wu)準入(ru)門(men)檻相對(dui)固化，大(da)多沒有(you)結(jie)合(he)地方經濟金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)實際(ji)，進(jin)行(xing)(xing)差別對(dui)待；特(te)別涉(she)及(ji)普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)和(he)非(fei)普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)臨界(jie)業(ye)務(wu)時(shi)，業(ye)務(wu)程(cheng)序(xu)和(he)控制(zhi)標準差異較大(da)，導(dao)致客戶(hu)體(ti)驗(yan)較差；涉(she)及(ji)雖有(you)偶(ou)爾違約記(ji)錄但(dan)未形(xing)成(cheng)實質違約的(de)個(ge)體(ti)工(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)戶(hu)，其小(xiao)額貸款基(ji)本不能通過線上(shang)審(shen)批(pi)。基(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)從業(ye)人員營(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)業(ye)務(wu)積極性還不高(gao)，獲(huo)客渠道有(you)限(xian)，多以電話方式溝通個(ge)體(ti)工(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)戶(hu)，主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)服(fu)務(wu)民營(ying)小(xiao)微企(qi)業(ye)意識淡薄，激勵(li)機制(zhi)尚未完(wan)全形(xing)成(cheng)。普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)標準相對(dui)單一，不能很好匹配五花(hua)八門(men)普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)，還沒有(you)結(jie)合(he)產(chan)業(ye)鏈金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)、供(gong)應鏈金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)實質創(chuang)新(xin)，且中后(hou)臺銜接(jie)不暢，產(chan)品(pin)(pin)創(chuang)新(xin)匯報和(he)審(shen)批(pi)程(cheng)序(xu)復(fu)雜，存在(zai)強(qiang)烈金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)創(chuang)新(xin)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)的(de)基(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構沒有(you)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)創(chuang)設主(zhu)導(dao)權。應該看(kan)到，普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)單體(ti)營(ying)銷(xiao)(xiao)成(cheng)本高(gao)，需(xu)(xu)要借助高(gao)效的(de)銀企(qi)對(dui)接(jie)平(ping)臺，方便廣大(da)民營(ying)小(xiao)微企(qi)業(ye)及(ji)時(shi)申報融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)，推動(dong)(dong)銀行(xing)(xing)限(xian)時(shi)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)對(dui)接(jie)，提高(gao)普(pu)惠(hui)(hui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)服(fu)務(wu)精準性。

　　因此，要(yao)努(nu)力(li)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)基層(ceng)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)機構(gou)執行普惠(hui)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)政(zheng)策的靈活(huo)性，不搞一刀(dao)切，允(yun)許(xu)基層(ceng)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)機構(gou)按照實質重于形式原則，結(jie)合地(di)方實際，在(zai)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)可控范(fan)圍(wei)內，因地(di)制宜，主(zhu)動(dong)匹配(pei)地(di)方需求。要(yao)想方設(she)法提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)基層(ceng)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)從(cong)業人員從(cong)事(shi)普惠(hui)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)業務(wu)積(ji)極性，在(zai)待遇(yu)上要(yao)有優勢，在(zai)責任上允(yun)許(xu)適(shi)度試錯，提(ti)(ti)倡擔(dan)當作(zuo)為，鼓勵創新(xin)進取。要(yao)最大可能賦予基層(ceng)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)機構(gou)普惠(hui)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)產品(pin)創設(she)權，上級部(bu)門(men)更多(duo)負責風(feng)(feng)險(xian)敞(chang)口把(ba)控，努(nu)力(li)減少產品(pin)創新(xin)審批層(ceng)級，推動(dong)基層(ceng)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)機構(gou)主(zhu)動(dong)適(shi)應(ying)普惠(hui)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)需求，加大金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)產品(pin)創新(xin)力(li)度。要(yao)積(ji)極推動(dong)銀企對(dui)接平(ping)臺建設(she)，擇優在(zai)政(zheng)務(wu)大廳高水平(ping)建設(she)首貸續(xu)貸中(zhong)心，發揮基層(ceng)人民銀行、銀保監局和金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)辦(ban)(ban)等三方合力(li)，銀行對(dui)接服(fu)(fu)務(wu)和融(rong)(rong)(rong)資效(xiao)果要(yao)納入(ru)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)管(guan)理部(bu)門(men)考核，積(ji)極推動(dong)地(di)方委辦(ban)(ban)局主(zhu)動(dong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)民營小微(wei)企業，真正將普惠(hui)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)政(zheng)策直達實體(ti)經濟。

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