本報北京12月3日電 (記者施芳)首屆中國(guo)國(guo)際供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)促(cu)(cu)進博(bo)覽會在京舉(ju)辦期間(jian),全球(qiu)首份以(yi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)促(cu)(cu)進為主題的研究報告(gao)——《全球(qiu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)促(cu)(cu)進報告(gao)》(以(yi)下簡(jian)稱《報告(gao)》)正式發(fa)布。《報告(gao)》首次從全球(qiu)視角開展供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)促(cu)(cu)進研究,指出全球(qiu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)發(fa)展呈現區域化(hua)、多元化(hua)、數字化(hua)和綠色化(hua)等(deng)趨勢,中國(guo)為全球(qiu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)開放合作帶來新(xin)機遇(yu)。
中(zhong)國貿(mao)(mao)促會副會長陳建(jian)安(an)介紹,《報告(gao)(gao)》由中(zhong)國貿(mao)(mao)促會組織(zhi)統籌、中(zhong)國貿(mao)(mao)促會研究院(yuan)(yuan)撰寫。撰寫工作(zuo)歷時7個多月,調研了境內(nei)外526家(jia)企(qi)業,訪談兩(liang)院(yuan)(yuan)院(yuan)(yuan)士、國際組織(zhi)代表和專家(jia)學(xue)者百余人次,形成最終報告(gao)(gao),有(you)中(zhong)英(ying)文兩(liang)個版本(ben)。《報告(gao)(gao)》包括(kuo)總報告(gao)(gao)和5個分報告(gao)(gao),涵(han)蓋智能(neng)汽車(che)、智能(neng)手機、光伏發電(dian)、藥品和綠色小麥等5條供應鏈。
《報告(gao)》明確,全球供(gong)應(ying)鏈是指(zhi)圍繞核(he)心產(chan)品或服務,由(you)分布在不(bu)同國家的(de)供(gong)應(ying)商(shang)、制造商(shang)、分銷(xiao)商(shang)、零(ling)售商(shang)直到最終用戶形成的(de)全球化、全過程、高效(xiao)協同的(de)跨國組織(zhi)形態(tai)。
《報(bao)告》提出,當前,全(quan)球供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)擾動因素(su)增(zeng)多,呈(cheng)現區(qu)域(yu)化、多元化、數(shu)字(zi)(zi)化和綠(lv)色化等趨勢。具體來看,在區(qu)域(yu)化方(fang)面(mian)(mian),歐(ou)洲、東亞、北美供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)區(qu)域(yu)化特征(zheng)最為顯著。德國(guo)(guo)、中國(guo)(guo)、美國(guo)(guo)分(fen)別為區(qu)域(yu)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)中心。在多元化方(fang)面(mian)(mian),受(shou)地緣政治沖(chong)突、大(da)宗商品價格波動等因素(su)影響,歐(ou)洲跨國(guo)(guo)公(gong)司加快供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)多元化步伐,電子(zi)產品和紡織品供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)多元化特征(zheng)顯著。在數(shu)字(zi)(zi)化方(fang)面(mian)(mian),通信行(xing)業供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)化程度(du)最高,信息技術及(ji)信息服務(wu)業次之,金(jin)融業供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)化國(guo)(guo)別差(cha)異較大(da)。在綠(lv)色化方(fang)面(mian)(mian),為應(ying)對氣候(hou)變化等全(quan)球性挑戰,全(quan)球供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)綠(lv)色化是大(da)勢所趨。
中國是全球供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的建設者(zhe)、貢(gong)獻者(zhe),也(ye)是維護者(zhe)和(he)捍衛(wei)者(zhe)。《報告(gao)》系統總(zong)結了中國促(cu)進(jin)(jin)全球供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)的成功(gong)實踐,即通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)加(jia)快基礎設施互聯互通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),為促(cu)進(jin)(jin)全球供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)提供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)硬件保障;通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)持(chi)(chi)續提升貿易投(tou)資便利化(hua)自(zi)由化(hua),為促(cu)進(jin)(jin)全球供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)提供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)制度保障;通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)積極推進(jin)(jin)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)國際合(he)作,為促(cu)進(jin)(jin)全球供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)指明正確方向;通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)推動(dong)數(shu)字化(hua)、綠(lv)色(se)化(hua)技術進(jin)(jin)步,為促(cu)進(jin)(jin)全球供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)提供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)發展動(dong)力;通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)完(wan)善各類金融服務,為促(cu)進(jin)(jin)全球供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)提供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資金支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)。
《報告(gao)》同時(shi)指出,中國為(wei)促進全球供應鏈開(kai)放(fang)合(he)作(zuo)提供四大機遇(yu),即規模超大成長性好(hao)的市場機遇(yu)、產業門類最(zui)為(wei)齊全的合(he)作(zuo)機遇(yu)、高水平對(dui)外開(kai)放(fang)的政策機遇(yu)和各類要(yao)素加速聚集的創新機遇(yu)。
《報告》顯示,全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)約2/3的(de)(de)貿易與供(gong)應(ying)鏈相關。當今世(shi)界經濟復蘇艱難,全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)供(gong)應(ying)鏈面(mian)臨重構,需要各國共(gong)(gong)同(tong)促進、共(gong)(gong)同(tong)建設、共(gong)(gong)同(tong)維護(hu),推(tui)動全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)供(gong)應(ying)鏈的(de)(de)技術(shu)創新(xin)、加強全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)供(gong)應(ying)鏈的(de)(de)開放合作、深化共(gong)(gong)建全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)供(gong)應(ying)鏈基礎設施、促進全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)供(gong)應(ying)鏈包容性發展。
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