第(di)十(shi)(shi)三屆全國人(ren)大(da)(da)一(yi)次(ci)會議表(biao)決通過《中(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)民共(gong)和國憲法修正案》,把黨的(de)十(shi)(shi)九(jiu)大(da)(da)提(ti)出的(de)重大(da)(da)理論創新(xin)和重大(da)(da)方針政策(ce)載入國家(jia)根本法,推動憲法與時俱進、完(wan)善發展(zhan)。此次(ci)憲法修改共(gong)有21條,其中(zhong)11條與國家(jia)監察體制改革相關,在第(di)三章“國家(jia)機(ji)構”中(zhong)新(xin)增“監察委員會”一(yi)節,確立(li)了(le)(le)監察委員會作(zuo)為國家(jia)機(ji)構的(de)憲法地位,為其依(yi)法行使職(zhi)權、開展(zhan)工作(zuo)奠定(ding)了(le)(le)憲法基礎(chu)。
在(zai)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)中(zhong)(zhong)增寫(xie)“監(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會”一(yi)(yi)節,是對(dui)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)成果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)深刻總(zong)結,具有堅實(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基(ji)礎(chu)、理論基(ji)礎(chu)、實(shi)踐基(ji)礎(chu)和(he)(he)充分的(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)理支撐。習(xi)近平(ping)總(zong)書記強(qiang)(qiang)調,要堅持(chi)(chi)改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)決策和(he)(he)立法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)決策相(xiang)統一(yi)(yi)、相(xiang)銜(xian)接(jie),做到重(zhong)大(da)(da)改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)于法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)有據(ju),使改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)和(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同步推進(jin)。深化(hua)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge),是強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)黨(dang)和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)自我(wo)監(jian)督、堅持(chi)(chi)和(he)(he)加強(qiang)(qiang)黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)大(da)(da)決策部署(shu),是事關(guan)全(quan)局的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)大(da)(da)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)。以習(xi)近平(ping)同志為(wei)核心的(de)(de)(de)(de)黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央從(cong)(cong)歷史文化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)汲(ji)取(qu)智慧、從(cong)(cong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)理政(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)總(zong)結經驗,積極(ji)推進(jin)理論和(he)(he)實(shi)踐創新(xin),堅持(chi)(chi)加強(qiang)(qiang)頂層設計和(he)(he)摸著石頭過(guo)河相(xiang)結合,在(zai)從(cong)(cong)試(shi)點向全(quan)面(mian)推開拓(tuo)展(zhan)、從(cong)(cong)局部向全(quan)局發展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)引領(ling)(ling)改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)深化(hua)。截至2018年2月(yue)底(di),全(quan)國(guo)(guo)省、市(shi)、縣(xian)三級監(jian)委(wei)(wei)全(quan)部組(zu)建完成,并就監(jian)委(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)責(ze)定位(wei)、領(ling)(ling)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)、工(gong)作機制(zhi)(zhi)、權(quan)限手段、監(jian)督保障等方面(mian)作了積極(ji)深入的(de)(de)(de)(de)探索,取(qu)得豐碩成果(guo),積累寶貴(gui)經驗。黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)九(jiu)屆二中(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)會提(ti)出(chu)關(guan)于修改(gai)(gai)(gai)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)部分內(nei)容的(de)(de)(de)(de)建議,將(jiang)深化(hua)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)實(shi)踐和(he)(he)制(zhi)(zhi)度成果(guo)提(ti)煉成為(wei)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)定,對(dui)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)、政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)權(quan)力、政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)關(guan)系作出(chu)重(zhong)大(da)(da)調整。十(shi)三屆全(quan)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)大(da)(da)一(yi)(yi)次會議表決通過(guo)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)修正(zheng)案,就國(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會和(he)(he)地方各級監(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會的(de)(de)(de)(de)性質、地位(wei)、名稱、人(ren)員組(zu)成、任期任屆、領(ling)(ling)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)工(gong)作機制(zhi)(zhi)等作出(chu)規(gui)定,為(wei)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會建立組(zu)織(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系、履行職(zhi)能職(zhi)責(ze)、運用相(xiang)關(guan)權(quan)限、構建配(pei)合制(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)機制(zhi)(zhi)、強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)自我(wo)監(jian)督等提(ti)供了根本(ben)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)依(yi)據(ju),使黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主張(zhang)通過(guo)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)定程序成為(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)意志,使國(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)于憲(xian)(xian)(xian)有據(ju)、監(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)于憲(xian)(xian)(xian)有源(yuan),體(ti)(ti)現了全(quan)面(mian)深化(hua)改(gai)(gai)(gai)革(ge)和(he)(he)全(quan)面(mian)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)、全(quan)面(mian)從(cong)(cong)嚴治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有機統一(yi)(yi)。
監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會是(shi)(shi)行(xing)使國(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)職能(neng)的(de)專(zhuan)責(ze)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),與黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)紀(ji)律(lv)檢(jian)查(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)合署(shu)辦(ban)公,體(ti)現了黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)和國(guo)家(jia)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)、黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)紀(ji)律(lv)檢(jian)查(cha)和國(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)有機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)統一。《中國(guo)共產黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)章(zhang)程》規定:“黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)各(ge)級(ji)(ji)紀(ji)律(lv)檢(jian)查(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會是(shi)(shi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)專(zhuan)責(ze)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”。憲法規定:“中華(hua)人民共和國(guo)各(ge)級(ji)(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會是(shi)(shi)國(guo)家(jia)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”。紀(ji)委(wei)(wei)同監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)(wei)合署(shu)辦(ban)公,清晰地(di)(di)表(biao)明(ming)了監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會的(de)性(xing)質和地(di)(di)位(wei)。各(ge)級(ji)(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)實現黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)和國(guo)家(jia)自我監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)的(de)政(zheng)治機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),不(bu)是(shi)(shi)行(xing)政(zheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、司法機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。其依法行(xing)使的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)權(quan),不(bu)是(shi)(shi)行(xing)政(zheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、反貪反瀆(du)、預防(fang)腐敗職能(neng)的(de)簡單疊加(jia),而是(shi)(shi)在黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)直接領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)下,代表(biao)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)和國(guo)家(jia)對所有行(xing)使公權(quan)力(li)的(de)公職人員進(jin)(jin)行(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du),既調查(cha)職務違(wei)法行(xing)為(wei)(wei),又(you)調查(cha)職務犯罪行(xing)為(wei)(wei),其職能(neng)權(quan)限(xian)與司法機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、執(zhi)法部門明(ming)顯(xian)不(bu)同。同時,憲法規定,“中華(hua)人民共和國(guo)國(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會是(shi)(shi)最高(gao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。國(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)方(fang)各(ge)級(ji)(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會的(de)工(gong)作,上(shang)級(ji)(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)下級(ji)(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會的(de)工(gong)作。”這在領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)與紀(ji)委(wei)(wei)的(de)雙重(zhong)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)度一致。深化國(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革,根本目的(de)就是(shi)(shi)加(jia)強(qiang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)對反腐敗工(gong)作的(de)統一領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),構(gou)建黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)統一指揮(hui)、全面覆(fu)蓋、權(quan)威(wei)高(gao)效的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)體(ti)系。監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員會在行(xing)使權(quan)限(xian)時,重(zhong)要事項需由同級(ji)(ji)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)(wei)批(pi)準,黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)(wei)由原(yuan)來側(ce)重(zhong)“結果領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”轉變為(wei)(wei)“全過程領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”;國(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)(wei)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)方(fang)各(ge)級(ji)(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)(wei)工(gong)作,上(shang)級(ji)(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)(wei)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)下級(ji)(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)(wei)工(gong)作,地(di)(di)方(fang)各(ge)級(ji)(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)(wei)要對上(shang)一級(ji)(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)(wei)負責(ze),有效解(jie)決反腐敗力(li)量分散、職能(neng)交(jiao)叉重(zhong)疊等問題(ti),把反腐敗斗爭領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)權(quan)牢牢掌握在黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)手里,形成強(qiang)大合力(li),必將進(jin)(jin)一步強(qiang)化不(bu)敢(gan)腐的(de)震懾,扎牢不(bu)能(neng)腐的(de)籠子(zi),增強(qiang)不(bu)想腐的(de)自覺,鞏固壓(ya)倒性(xing)態勢、向奪取(qu)壓(ya)倒性(xing)勝利前進(jin)(jin)。
依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)賦予監察(cha)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責(ze)權限,是(shi)健全(quan)(quan)黨(dang)和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)家監督(du)體(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)重要內(nei)容,不(bu)僅(jin)實(shi)現監察(cha)對象全(quan)(quan)覆蓋,也要實(shi)現監察(cha)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能全(quan)(quan)覆蓋。習近平(ping)總書記指出,自我監督(du)是(shi)世界(jie)性難題,是(shi)國(guo)家治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)“哥德巴赫猜想”。我們要通(tong)過行(xing)動回答“窯洞之問”,練就中國(guo)共產黨(dang)人(ren)(ren)自我凈化(hua)的(de)(de)“絕世武(wu)功”。我國(guo)80%的(de)(de)公(gong)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)員(yuan)、95%以上的(de)(de)領導(dao)干(gan)部是(shi)共產黨(dang)員(yuan),黨(dang)內(nei)監督(du)和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)家監察(cha)既具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)高(gao)度內(nei)在一致性,又具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)高(gao)度互補性。黨(dang)的(de)(de)十八大以來,黨(dang)內(nei)監督(du)得到有(you)(you)(you)效加(jia)強,監督(du)對象覆蓋了(le)(le)(le)所有(you)(you)(you)黨(dang)組(zu)織和(he)(he)(he)黨(dang)員(yuan)。這就要求適(shi)應形勢發(fa)展構建國(guo)家監察(cha)體(ti)系(xi),對黨(dang)內(nei)監督(du)覆蓋不(bu)到或者不(bu)適(shi)用于執行(xing)黨(dang)的(de)(de)紀律的(de)(de)公(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan),依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)實(shi)施監察(cha),真正(zheng)把(ba)權力關進(jin)制度籠(long)子。憲法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規定(ding),“監察(cha)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)組(zu)織和(he)(he)(he)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)權由(you)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律規定(ding)”,為(wei)其他法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律、特別是(shi)已經提交(jiao)本次大會(hui)(hui)審議(yi)的(de)(de)《中華人(ren)(ren)民共和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)監察(cha)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(草案)》賦予監委(wei)(wei)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責(ze)權限提供(gong)了(le)(le)(le)憲法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)授權。根據監察(cha)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)草案,各級監委(wei)(wei)是(shi)行(xing)使(shi)國(guo)家監察(cha)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能的(de)(de)專(zhuan)責(ze)機關,對所有(you)(you)(you)行(xing)使(shi)公(gong)權力的(de)(de)公(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)進(jin)行(xing)監察(cha),調查(cha)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)犯罪(zui),開展廉(lian)政建設和(he)(he)(he)反腐敗工作,維護憲法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律尊嚴。監察(cha)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)不(bu)僅(jin)只調查(cha)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)犯罪(zui),還要加(jia)強日常管理(li)(li)(li)監督(du),調查(cha)職(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)為(wei),填補了(le)(le)(le)行(xing)政監察(cha)范圍過窄(zhai)的(de)(de)“空白(bai)”,充分(fen)體(ti)現了(le)(le)(le)抓(zhua)早(zao)抓(zhua)小、防微杜(du)漸、懲前毖后、治(zhi)病救人(ren)(ren)方針,必將進(jin)一步增強監督(du)實(shi)效,把(ba)制度優勢轉化(hua)為(wei)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)效能,推進(jin)國(guo)家治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)和(he)(he)(he)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)能力現代化(hua)。
監察(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會依(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)履職(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)受到憲法(fa)(fa)保護,同(tong)時(shi)也要(yao)(yao)接(jie)受嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)和(he)(he)(he)監督。憲法(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding):“監察(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會依(yi)(yi)照(zhao)法(fa)(fa)律規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)獨立(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)監察(cha)(cha)(cha)權(quan)(quan),不受行(xing)(xing)(xing)政機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、社(she)會團體和(he)(he)(he)個人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)涉。監察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)辦理職(zhi)務違法(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)職(zhi)務犯罪(zui)案件,應(ying)當與(yu)審(shen)判(pan)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、執法(fa)(fa)部門(men)互(hu)相(xiang)配合,互(hu)相(xiang)制(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)。”一方(fang)面,監察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)履行(xing)(xing)(xing)監督、調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)、處置(zhi)(zhi)職(zhi)責,行(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)權(quan)(quan)限(xian),是依(yi)(yi)據法(fa)(fa)律授權(quan)(quan),行(xing)(xing)(xing)政機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、社(she)會團體和(he)(he)(he)個人無權(quan)(quan)干(gan)(gan)涉,同(tong)時(shi)有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)單位和(he)(he)(he)個人還應(ying)當積極協助配合監察(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會行(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)監察(cha)(cha)(cha)權(quan)(quan),保障(zhang)了監察(cha)(cha)(cha)權(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嚴(yan)肅性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)權(quan)(quan)威(wei)性(xing)。另一方(fang)面,在依(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)履職(zhi)過程(cheng)(cheng)中,監察(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會也要(yao)(yao)嚴(yan)格按(an)照(zhao)程(cheng)(cheng)序規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding),加強與(yu)有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、部門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)協作(zuo)配合,接(jie)受制(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)和(he)(he)(he)監督。目前在實際工(gong)作(zuo)中,審(shen)計部門(men)發現(xian)領導干(gan)(gan)部涉嫌違紀違法(fa)(fa)問題(ti)線索(suo),要(yao)(yao)按(an)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)移(yi)送相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)紀檢(jian)監察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)處置(zhi)(zhi);紀檢(jian)監察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)提(ti)出采取(qu)技術調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)、限(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)出境等措施的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)請求(qiu)后,公安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與(yu)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)部門(men)要(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)適(shi)用對(dui)(dui)(dui)象(xiang)、種類、期限(xian)、程(cheng)(cheng)序等進行(xing)(xing)(xing)嚴(yan)格審(shen)核并批準(zhun)。監察(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會成立(li)后,對(dui)(dui)(dui)涉嫌職(zhi)務犯罪(zui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei),監察(cha)(cha)(cha)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)終(zhong)結后移(yi)送檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)依(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)審(shen)查(cha)、提(ti)起公訴,由(you)人民(min)法(fa)(fa)院負責審(shen)判(pan);對(dui)(dui)(dui)監察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)移(yi)送的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)案件,檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)經審(shen)查(cha)后認(ren)為(wei)需要(yao)(yao)補充(chong)核實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),應(ying)退回監察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)補充(chong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha),必(bi)要(yao)(yao)時(shi)還可自行(xing)(xing)(xing)補充(chong)偵查(cha)。憲法(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding),監察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)“由(you)人民(min)代表大(da)會產生,對(dui)(dui)(dui)它(ta)負責,受它(ta)監督”。在憲法(fa)(fa)中對(dui)(dui)(dui)配合、制(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)、監督等關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系作(zuo)出明確(que)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding),將(jiang)客觀存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系制(zhi)(zhi)度化法(fa)(fa)律化,使(shi)監察(cha)(cha)(cha)權(quan)(quan)依(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)正確(que)行(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)并受到嚴(yan)格監督,確(que)保黨(dang)和(he)(he)(he)人民(min)賦予的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)力不被濫用、懲(cheng)惡(e)揚(yang)善的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利劍永不蒙塵(chen)。
憲(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的生命和(he)(he)(he)權威在于(yu)實施,維護憲(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)尊嚴是紀(ji)(ji)檢監(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)關的重要職責(ze)。各級紀(ji)(ji)檢監(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)關和(he)(he)(he)廣大(da)紀(ji)(ji)檢監(jian)(jian)察(cha)干部要牢固樹(shu)立(li)“四個意識”,以(yi)憲(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)修(xiu)正案頒布實施為(wei)契機(ji)(ji),繼續(xu)深化(hua)(hua)國家(jia)監(jian)(jian)察(cha)體制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革,在依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)履職、紀(ji)(ji)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)貫通、法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)銜接和(he)(he)(he)完善配(pei)套法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規制(zhi)(zhi)度上下功夫,不(bu)斷健全黨和(he)(he)(he)國家(jia)監(jian)(jian)督(du)體系。要大(da)力弘(hong)揚社會主義法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)神,樹(shu)立(li)憲(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)意識、增強憲(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)自(zi)信,自(zi)覺忠(zhong)于(yu)憲(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、遵守憲(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、維護憲(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),帶頭尊法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、學法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、守法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、用法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),嚴格(ge)依照憲(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律履職盡責(ze),善于(yu)運用法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)思維和(he)(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方式懲治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)腐敗(bai),不(bu)斷提高反腐敗(bai)工(gong)作規范化(hua)(hua)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)(hua)水平。
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