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實事求是:習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想的精髓
時間:2022-07-11 09:26:00  來源:2022年第7期《黨建》雜志   作者:

 始終堅持實事求是的思想路線

 

  必須(xu)始終貫徹(che)實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是的(de)思(si)想路線(xian),是習近平(ping)總書記反復強調的(de)重要思(si)想。2012年5月16日(ri),在(zai)黨(dang)的(de)十(shi)八大召開前夕,習近平(ping)同志在(zai)中央黨(dang)校(xiao)春季學(xue)期第二(er)批入學(xue)學(xue)員開學(xue)典禮上專題闡述(shu)堅(jian)持實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是的(de)思(si)想路線(xian),強調“我們(men)黨(dang)是靠實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是起家(jia)和興旺(wang)發展起來的(de)”,“堅(jian)持實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是,就能興黨(dang)興國(guo)(guo);違背實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是,就會誤黨(dang)誤國(guo)(guo)。”

  實事(shi)求(qiu)是是馬(ma)克思主(zhu)(zhu)義的(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)(ge)基本原(yuan)則。馬(ma)克思、恩格(ge)斯在《共(gong)產黨宣言(yan)》中指出,“共(gong)產黨人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理論(lun)原(yuan)理,決不是以這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)那個(ge)(ge)世界改革家所發(fa)明或(huo)(huo)發(fa)現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)思想、原(yuan)則為根據的(de)(de)(de)(de)”,“這(zhe)些(xie)原(yuan)理不過(guo)是現(xian)存的(de)(de)(de)(de)階(jie)級斗(dou)爭(zheng)、我們眼前的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史運動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)真實關系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一般表述(shu)。”列寧指出:“馬(ma)克思主(zhu)(zhu)義要(yao)求(qiu)我們在確定任(ren)何重大政策的(de)(de)(de)(de)時候,必須以經(jing)得起精確的(de)(de)(de)(de)客觀(guan)檢驗的(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)實作為政策的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎和依據。”

  我(wo)們(men)黨(dang)實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求是(shi)的思想(xiang)路線(xian),是(shi)在(zai)毛(mao)澤(ze)東(dong)(dong)同(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)的倡(chang)導下確(que)(que)立起來的。他在(zai)領(ling)(ling)導中國新民(min)主(zhu)主(zhu)義(yi)革命(ming)、社會主(zhu)義(yi)革命(ming)和(he)建(jian)設(she)的過程中確(que)(que)立和(he)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)了這(zhe)一思想(xiang)路線(xian)。鄧(deng)小平同(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)說過,毛(mao)澤(ze)東(dong)(dong)同(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)延(yan)安為中央黨(dang)校題詞,就是(shi)“實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求是(shi)”四(si)個大字,這(zhe)是(shi)毛(mao)澤(ze)東(dong)(dong)哲學思想(xiang)的精髓。在(zai)改(gai)革開放和(he)社會主(zhu)義(yi)現(xian)代化(hua)建(jian)設(she)新時(shi)期,鄧(deng)小平同(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)領(ling)(ling)導我(wo)們(men)黨(dang)恢復和(he)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)了實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求是(shi)的思想(xiang)路線(xian)。改(gai)革開放以來,我(wo)們(men)黨(dang)始終(zhong)遵(zun)循實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求是(shi)的思想(xiang)路線(xian),堅持(chi)一切從實(shi)際出發,根據(ju)社會主(zhu)義(yi)初級階段基本國情和(he)時(shi)代要求制定(ding)方針(zhen)政策、作出戰(zhan)略(lve)部署,推動(dong)黨(dang)和(he)國家事(shi)(shi)業(ye)順(shun)利發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。

  中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)進入(ru)新時代(dai),以習(xi)近(jin)平同志為核心(xin)的(de)黨中(zhong)(zhong)央堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)和(he)發展(zhan)了實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)思想(xiang)路(lu)線,以堅(jian)韌(ren)作(zuo)風把實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)貫徹到治(zhi)國(guo)(guo)理政全過(guo)程各方面(mian)。習(xi)近(jin)平總書記多次闡述堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對于黨和(he)國(guo)(guo)家事(shi)(shi)業發展(zhan)的(de)根本(ben)意義(yi),深刻指出(chu)“實(shi)事(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)馬克思主(zhu)義(yi)的(de)根本(ben)觀點,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共產黨人認(ren)識世界、改造世界的(de)根本(ben)要(yao)求(qiu),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)們(men)黨的(de)基本(ben)思想(xiang)方法、工作(zuo)方法、領導方法”,要(yao)求(qiu)我(wo)(wo)們(men)“不論過(guo)去、現在(zai)和(he)將(jiang)來,我(wo)(wo)們(men)都要(yao)堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)一切從實(shi)際出(chu)發,理論聯(lian)系實(shi)際,在(zai)實(shi)踐中(zhong)(zhong)檢驗真理和(he)發展(zhan)真理”。

  黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)十八大以來(lai),我們黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)提出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)列(lie)新(xin)理念新(xin)思(si)想新(xin)戰(zhan)略(lve),出(chu)(chu)臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)列(lie)重大方(fang)針政策,推(tui)(tui)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)列(lie)重大舉措,推(tui)(tui)進的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)列(lie)重大工作,都是堅持從實際出(chu)(chu)發、貫(guan)徹執(zhi)行實事(shi)(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是思(si)想路線的(de)(de)(de)(de)結果。面(mian)(mian)對(dui)世界百年未有(you)之大變(bian)(bian)(bian)局(ju),面(mian)(mian)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)華民族偉大復(fu)興戰(zhan)略(lve)全(quan)局(ju),面(mian)(mian)對(dui)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設面(mian)(mian)臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)情況新(xin)問(wen)題新(xin)挑戰(zhan),以習近平(ping)同志為核心的(de)(de)(de)(de)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)始終(zhong)根據實踐的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展、時代的(de)(de)(de)(de)進步和(he)(he)(he)人民的(de)(de)(de)(de)愿(yuan)望作出(chu)(chu)決策、推(tui)(tui)進工作,實打實地解決了許多(duo)長期想解決而沒有(you)解決的(de)(de)(de)(de)難題,辦(ban)成(cheng)了許多(duo)過去想辦(ban)而沒有(you)辦(ban)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大事(shi)(shi)(shi),推(tui)(tui)動黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)家事(shi)(shi)(shi)業(ye)發生(sheng)(sheng)歷(li)(li)史性(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)革,取得了全(quan)方(fang)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)、開創(chuang)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)就,進行了深層(ceng)次的(de)(de)(de)(de)、根本性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)革,帶來(lai)了具有(you)深遠影響的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)。實事(shi)(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是不僅是我們黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)根本工作方(fang)法,也是黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設的(de)(de)(de)(de)根本要求(qiu)和(he)(he)(he)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作風(feng)。黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)十八大以來(lai),我們黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)勇(yong)于刀刃向內,堅持自我革命,以實事(shi)(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是精(jing)神面(mian)(mian)對(dui)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內存在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)突出(chu)(chu)問(wen)題,以頑強意志品質正風(feng)肅紀、反腐懲(cheng)惡,持之以恒改進黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作風(feng),使黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內生(sheng)(sheng)活氣象更新(xin),黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)造力、凝聚力、戰(zhan)斗力顯著(zhu)增強,黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)革命性(xing)鍛造中(zhong)(zhong)更加堅強。在(zai)(zai)(zai)這一(yi)過程中(zhong)(zhong),黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實事(shi)(shi)(shi)求(qiu)是思(si)想路線得到全(quan)面(mian)(mian)、深入、具體貫(guan)徹,并(bing)且(qie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史條件下彰顯了鮮明的(de)(de)(de)(de)時代特色。

 

1978年5月10日,中央黨校內部刊物《理論動態》第60期發表《實踐是檢驗真理的唯一標準》。圖片來源:《學習時報》

 

賦予實事求是以鮮明的時代特色

 

  黨(dang)的(de)(de)十八大以來,習近(jin)平總(zong)書記帶領全(quan)(quan)黨(dang)全(quan)(quan)國各(ge)族人(ren)民將實事求是貫穿于新時代中國特(te)色(se)社會(hui)主義的(de)(de)偉大實踐,形成了一系列(lie)具有鮮明時代特(te)色(se)的(de)(de)思想方法和工作(zuo)方法。

  實事求是,必須掌握調查研究這個基本功。習(xi)近(jin)平總(zong)(zong)(zong)書記(ji)(ji)強調(diao)(diao)(diao):“堅持從實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)出(chu)(chu)(chu)發(fa)(fa),前提是深入(ru)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)、了解(jie)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji),只有(you)(you)這樣才(cai)(cai)能做到(dao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事求(qiu)是。要了解(jie)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji),就(jiu)要掌握(wo)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)這個基本(ben)功。”通(tong)過深入(ru)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu),了解(jie)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)情況、掌握(wo)具(ju)體實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)情,才(cai)(cai)能做到(dao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事求(qiu)是。當今時(shi)代,不(bu)管通(tong)信(xin)手段(duan)多么(me)發(fa)(fa)達,都不(bu)能替代實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地的調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)。正如習(xi)近(jin)平總(zong)(zong)(zong)書記(ji)(ji)強調(diao)(diao)(diao),調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)是謀事之(zhi)(zhi)基、成事之(zhi)(zhi)道,沒有(you)(you)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)就(jiu)沒有(you)(you)發(fa)(fa)言權,沒有(you)(you)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)就(jiu)沒有(you)(you)決策權。2017年(nian)10月25日,習(xi)近(jin)平總(zong)(zong)(zong)書記(ji)(ji)提出(chu)(chu)(chu)要在全黨大(da)興(xing)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)風,并(bing)為中央委(wei)員(yuan)會每位同志積極開(kai)展(zhan)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)提出(chu)(chu)(chu)了要求(qiu)。黨的十(shi)八大(da)以來,習(xi)近(jin)平總(zong)(zong)(zong)書記(ji)(ji)帶(dai)頭(tou)深入(ru)開(kai)展(zhan)調(diao)(diao)(diao)查(cha)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu),廣泛聽取民意、集中全黨智(zhi)慧,用實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)行動將實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事求(qiu)是發(fa)(fa)揚光大(da)。

  實事求是,必須要有強烈的問題意識。習近平總書(shu)記指出(chu),“我們中國(guo)(guo)共產黨(dang)人干革命、搞建(jian)設、抓改革,從來都是(shi)為了解(jie)決中國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現實問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)”,并強(qiang)調“要有強(qiang)烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)意識,以(yi)重大(da)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)為導向,抓住關(guan)鍵問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)進一步研究(jiu)思(si)考,著力(li)推動解(jie)決我國(guo)(guo)發(fa)展面(mian)臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一系(xi)列突出(chu)矛盾和問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)”。堅持(chi)以(yi)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)為導向,就(jiu)是(shi)承認問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客(ke)觀性,堅持(chi)解(jie)決問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)要從現實出(chu)發(fa),必須(xu)實事求是(shi)。直面(mian)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti),認真(zhen)研究(jiu)和解(jie)決問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti),這是(shi)馬克思(si)主義對待問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科學(xue)態度,是(shi)實事求是(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)態度。黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)八大(da)以(yi)來,我們黨(dang)善于認識問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti),善于抓住關(guan)鍵問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti),了解(jie)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng)、變(bian)化、根源和癥結,從而找到科學(xue)解(jie)決問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法,推動黨(dang)和國(guo)(guo)家(jia)事業取(qu)得歷史(shi)性成就(jiu)、發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)歷史(shi)性變(bian)革。

  實事求是,必須發揚實干精神。堅持實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)是,必須(xu)發揚抓(zhua)鐵(tie)有痕、踏(ta)石留印(yin)的(de)扎實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作風。改革開放(fang)40多年,中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)奇跡靠(kao)的(de)就(jiu)是求(qiu)真務實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、真抓(zhua)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)干。對此,習(xi)(xi)近平總書(shu)記鮮(xian)明(ming)提(ti)出抵制“知行(xing)不(bu)一(yi)、不(bu)求(qiu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao),文(wen)山(shan)會(hui)海、花拳繡腿,貪圖(tu)虛(xu)名、弄虛(xu)作假”,明(ming)確(que)提(ti)出要(yao)“使那些重實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)、說實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)話、務實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)、求(qiu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)干部(bu),不(bu)僅(jin)不(bu)吃虧,而(er)且受到(dao)鼓(gu)勵、褒獎(jiang)、重用;使那些做表(biao)面文(wen)章、搞勞民傷(shang)財的(de)‘形象工程(cheng)’和‘政(zheng)績(ji)工程(cheng)’、跑官要(yao)官的(de)干部(bu),不(bu)僅(jin)撈不(bu)到(dao)好處,而(er)且受到(dao)批評和懲處”。同時,習(xi)(xi)近平總書(shu)記強調:“如果(guo)不(bu)沉下(xia)心來抓(zhua)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),再(zai)(zai)好的(de)目標,再(zai)(zai)好的(de)藍圖(tu),也(ye)(ye)只(zhi)是鏡(jing)中(zhong)花、水中(zhong)月。”干工作重在抓(zhua)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),如果(guo)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工作抓(zhua)得不(bu)好,再(zai)(zai)好的(de)方針、政(zheng)策(ce)、措(cuo)施(shi)也(ye)(ye)會(hui)落(luo)空(kong)(kong),再(zai)(zai)偉大的(de)目標也(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現不(bu)了。空(kong)(kong)談(tan)誤(wu)國(guo)(guo)、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)干興邦,一(yi)分部(bu)署、九分落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),重視實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)干實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)績(ji)、狠抓(zhua)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),是堅持實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)是的(de)應有之義(yi)。

  實事求是,必須將尊重客觀規律性與發揮主觀能動性緊密結合。習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)總(zong)書記指出:“在全面(mian)深化改革(ge)中,我們(men)要(yao)(yao)處理好尊(zun)重客觀(guan)規律(lv)和發揮主觀(guan)能(neng)動性的關(guan)系。”一(yi)方(fang)面(mian),要(yao)(yao)堅持一(yi)切從實(shi)際(ji)出發,按(an)客觀(guan)規律(lv)辦事,一(yi)張藍圖繪到底,抓好打基(ji)礎利長遠的工作;另一(yi)方(fang)面(mian),要(yao)(yao)鼓勵大膽探(tan)索、先(xian)行(xing)先(xian)試,及時(shi)總(zong)結經驗,勇于推(tui)進理論和實(shi)踐創(chuang)新。習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)總(zong)書記強(qiang)調,摸(mo)著石(shi)頭(tou)過河(he)和加(jia)強(qiang)頂(ding)層(ceng)(ceng)設(she)計是辯證統一(yi)的,推(tui)進局部的階(jie)段性改革(ge)開(kai)(kai)放要(yao)(yao)在加(jia)強(qiang)頂(ding)層(ceng)(ceng)設(she)計的前提下進行(xing),加(jia)強(qiang)頂(ding)層(ceng)(ceng)設(she)計要(yao)(yao)在推(tui)進局部的階(jie)段性改革(ge)開(kai)(kai)放的基(ji)礎上來(lai)謀劃(hua)。加(jia)強(qiang)頂(ding)層(ceng)(ceng)設(she)計和摸(mo)著石(shi)頭(tou)過河(he)相結合、整體推(tui)進和重點突破相促進,這是全面(mian)深化改革(ge)必須遵循的重要(yao)(yao)原則(ze),也(ye)是實(shi)事求(qiu)是的根本要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。

  實事求是,必須不斷錘煉堅強的黨性。習(xi)近(jin)平總書(shu)記(ji)從黨(dang)(dang)(dang)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)高度進一步(bu)深入闡釋了堅(jian)(jian)持實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)(xing)。他強(qiang)調:“堅(jian)(jian)持從實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際出(chu)發、實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi),不(bu)只是(shi)(shi)(shi)思(si)想方法(fa)問題,也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)不(bu)強(qiang)問題。”中(zhong)國共產(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)人沒有(you)任何自己(ji)特殊的(de)(de)(de)利(li)益,始終代表最廣(guang)大(da)人民的(de)(de)(de)利(li)益,要(yao)做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi),就必(bi)須有(you)公(gong)而忘私(si)和不(bu)計(ji)個人得(de)失的(de)(de)(de)寶貴品格。能不(bu)能講真(zhen)話(hua)、講實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)話(hua)、干實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)、求(qiu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效,是(shi)(shi)(shi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)員干部(bu)(bu)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)性(xing)(xing)純不(bu)純、強(qiang)不(bu)強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)體現,也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)員干部(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵標準。習(xi)近(jin)平總書(shu)記(ji)多次教導廣(guang)大(da)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)員干部(bu)(bu),要(yao)堅(jian)(jian)持以黨(dang)(dang)(dang)性(xing)(xing)立(li)身做(zuo)(zuo)事(shi),把說老實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)話(hua)、辦老實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)、做(zuo)(zuo)老實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人作為(wei)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)性(xing)(xing)修(xiu)養和鍛(duan)煉的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)內(nei)容,敢于(yu)堅(jian)(jian)持真(zhen)理,善于(yu)獨立(li)思(si)考,堅(jian)(jian)持求(qiu)真(zhen)務實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。

 

不斷深化對實事求是的理論認識

 

  黨(dang)的(de)十(shi)八大以來,以習(xi)近平同(tong)志為主(zhu)要代表的(de)中國(guo)共產黨(dang)人不僅在實(shi)際(ji)工作中全(quan)面貫徹實(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)(qiu)是(shi)的(de)思(si)想路線,同(tong)時從馬克思(si)主(zhu)義理論的(de)高度(du),特別是(shi)哲學(xue)的(de)高度(du),深(shen)化了(le)對實(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)(qiu)是(shi)的(de)認識。

  從唯物論來看。堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)實(shi)(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)(shi),就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)徹底的(de)(de)(de)(de)唯物(wu)論。習(xi)近平總書記強調:“堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)實(shi)(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)(shi),就(jiu)(jiu)要深入實(shi)(shi)際(ji)了解事(shi)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)來面(mian)貌(mao)。要透過現(xian)象(xiang)看本(ben)(ben)質,從(cong)零亂的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象(xiang)中(zhong)發(fa)現(xian)事(shi)物(wu)內部存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)必(bi)然聯系,從(cong)客(ke)觀事(shi)物(wu)存在和發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規律(lv)出(chu)發(fa),在實(shi)(shi)踐中(zhong)按照(zhao)客(ke)觀規律(lv)辦事(shi)。”因(yin)此,牢固樹立實(shi)(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)觀點(dian),就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)世界物(wu)質統一性這(zhe)個唯物(wu)論的(de)(de)(de)(de)最基(ji)本(ben)(ben)原理(li)。我(wo)們(men)認識形勢、規劃未來、確定政策、推進工(gong)作,都必(bi)須堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)這(zhe)個基(ji)本(ben)(ben)原理(li),堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)一切(qie)從(cong)客(ke)觀實(shi)(shi)際(ji)出(chu)發(fa),堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)實(shi)(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)(shi),在實(shi)(shi)踐中(zhong)檢(jian)驗和發(fa)展(zhan)真理(li),否則就(jiu)(jiu)會犯錯。

  從辯證法來看。堅(jian)持實(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)是(shi),必須(xu)堅(jian)持辯(bian)證思(si)維。習近平總書記強調:“客(ke)觀(guan)實(shi)際是(shi)不斷發(fa)展(zhan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de),我們(men)對客(ke)觀(guan)事(shi)物及其規律的(de)(de)認識(shi)是(shi)不斷深化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de),實(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)是(shi)永無止(zhi)(zhi)境,解放思(si)想也(ye)永無止(zhi)(zhi)境。”堅(jian)持實(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)是(shi),就必須(xu)把握客(ke)觀(guan)實(shi)際的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua),因為這些變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)也(ye)是(shi)“實(shi)事(shi)”和(he)“實(shi)際”的(de)(de)組成(cheng)。從當前(qian)我國(guo)(guo)實(shi)際來看(kan),我們(men)既要看(kan)到社會(hui)主義初級階段基(ji)本(ben)國(guo)(guo)情沒有變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian),也(ye)要看(kan)到新時代我國(guo)(guo)基(ji)本(ben)國(guo)(guo)情內涵的(de)(de)不斷變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)、社會(hui)主要矛盾的(de)(de)轉變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。如果固守原有認識(shi),我們(men)就難以正確(que)(que)把握主要矛盾,難以制定正確(que)(que)的(de)(de)路線方針(zhen)政策。

  從唯物史觀來看。堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)實(shi)事求(qiu)是,必(bi)須(xu)(xu)堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)歷(li)史唯(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)立場(chang)。習(xi)近平總書記指(zhi)出(chu):“歷(li)史唯(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)作為(wei)馬克思(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)哲學的重要(yao)組成部分,是關于人類社(she)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展一(yi)(yi)般規律的科學。”歷(li)史唯(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)要(yao)求(qiu)我們,認識我國(guo)社(she)會(hui)必(bi)須(xu)(xu)從(cong)我國(guo)社(she)會(hui)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質生活(huo)條(tiao)件的總和(he)(he)出(chu)發(fa)(fa)、從(cong)我國(guo)基(ji)(ji)本國(guo)情和(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展要(yao)求(qiu)出(chu)發(fa)(fa),從(cong)而形成和(he)(he)實(shi)施(shi)正(zheng)確的理論、路線(xian)和(he)(he)方針(zhen)政(zheng)策,這(zhe)就(jiu)是貫(guan)徹實(shi)事求(qiu)是。因(yin)此(ci),堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)歷(li)史唯(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)立場(chang)同堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)實(shi)事求(qiu)是是完全一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)的。同時,群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)觀點(dian)是歷(li)史唯(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)的基(ji)(ji)本觀點(dian),群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)路線(xian)是我們黨的根本工作路線(xian)。習(xi)近平總書記指(zhi)出(chu):“堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)實(shi)事求(qiu)是,必(bi)須(xu)(xu)始終堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)一(yi)(yi)切為(wei)了群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、一(yi)(yi)切依靠群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),從(cong)群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中來、到群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中去的群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)路線(xian)。”因(yin)此(ci),貫(guan)徹實(shi)事求(qiu)是,就(jiu)要(yao)堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)黨的群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)觀點(dian)、群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)路線(xian),這(zhe)也是真正(zheng)堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)歷(li)史唯(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)。

  從認識論來看。堅持(chi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)(shi),必須(xu)堅持(chi)馬(ma)克思主義認(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)論。習(xi)近平總書(shu)記強(qiang)調(diao)“實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)基(ji)礎上認(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)世界的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)”,同時(shi),“實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)(shi)又是(shi)(shi)在(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)基(ji)礎上改造世界的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)”。堅持(chi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)(shi),最基(ji)礎的(de)工(gong)作在(zai)于搞清楚(chu)“實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)”,也就是(shi)(shi)要(yao)了解實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)、掌握實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)情。馬(ma)克思主義認(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)論堅持(chi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)第一的(de)觀(guan)點,強(qiang)調(diao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)認(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)源泉和動(dong)力;同時(shi)堅持(chi)認(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)對實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)的(de)反作用。因此,貫徹實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)(shi),必須(xu)在(zai)推進(jin)(jin)各項工(gong)作的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中,從客觀(guan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)出發得出科學認(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi),并(bing)把這個認(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)運用于指導實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian),并(bing)在(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)中進(jin)(jin)一步檢驗認(ren)識(shi)(shi)(shi)。

  從理論與實踐的關系來看。堅持(chi)實(shi)事(shi)求是(shi),必須(xu)正確(que)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)與實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)的關系(xi)。習近平總(zong)書(shu)記強調:“領導干部一定要打牢馬克(ke)思主(zhu)義(yi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)功(gong)(gong)底,這是(shi)堅持(chi)實(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)的理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)基礎。道理(li)(li)(li)(li)很清楚,沒(mei)有(you)科學(xue)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)功(gong)(gong)底,不(bu)(bu)掌握(wo)科學(xue)的世界觀和方(fang)法論(lun)(lun)(lun),就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)透過事(shi)物的現象看本質,就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)把握(wo)事(shi)物的內在聯系(xi),就(jiu)容(rong)易(yi)陷(xian)于(yu)盲(mang)目性、片面性、被(bei)動(dong)性,也就(jiu)很難做到實(shi)事(shi)求是(shi)。”我們黨一貫(guan)重視理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)建設(she)、理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)強黨,強調理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)一旦脫離實(shi)踐(jian)(jian),就(jiu)會(hui)成為僵化的教條,失(shi)去活(huo)力和生(sheng)命(ming)力。同(tong)時,實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)若(ruo)沒(mei)有(you)正確(que)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)的指導,也容(rong)易(yi)“盲(mang)人(ren)騎瞎(xia)馬,夜半臨深池”,陷(xian)于(yu)盲(mang)目和被(bei)動(dong)。因此(ci),堅持(chi)實(shi)事(shi)求是(shi),必須(xu)堅持(chi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)與實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)相(xiang)統(tong)一,不(bu)(bu)斷在實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)中(zhong)認識(shi)真理(li)(li)(li)(li),又不(bu)(bu)斷在實(shi)踐(jian)(jian)中(zhong)檢驗(yan)真理(li)(li)(li)(li)和發展(zhan)真理(li)(li)(li)(li)。

  黨的十八大(da)以(yi)來,以(yi)習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)同(tong)志為(wei)核(he)心(xin)的黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央繼承(cheng)發展了實事求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)的思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)路(lu)線,并將這一根(gen)本要求(qiu)貫(guan)(guan)徹于(yu)新(xin)(xin)時代(dai)黨治國理政的全(quan)部理論和實踐,使實事求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)成(cheng)為(wei)貫(guan)(guan)穿于(yu)習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)新(xin)(xin)時代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色社(she)會主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的一條紅線。實事求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)新(xin)(xin)時代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色社(she)會主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的精髓。學習(xi)貫(guan)(guan)徹習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)新(xin)(xin)時代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色社(she)會主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),就是(shi)(shi)(shi)要深入學習(xi)領會、全(quan)面深刻(ke)把握(wo)實事求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)路(lu)線,掌握(wo)當代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國馬克思(si)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)的思(si)想(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)方(fang)法(fa)和工作方(fang)法(fa),為(wei)全(quan)面建設社(she)會主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)現代(dai)化(hua)強(qiang)國、實現中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族偉大(da)復興的中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國夢(meng)提(ti)供(gong)強(qiang)大(da)科學指(zhi)引。

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