黨的(de)(de)二十大(da)報告提出(chu)2035年基本(ben)實現(xian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。2023年9月，全國(guo)(guo)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)推(tui)(tui)進大(da)會召開，習近平(ping)總書記作出(chu)重要指示，“新(xin)(xin)(xin)時代(dai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)征程(cheng)，以(yi)中國(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)全面(mian)推(tui)(tui)進強國(guo)(guo)建(jian)設、民族復興(xing)偉(wei)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，實現(xian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)關鍵(jian)任務”。這(zhe)為我國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)信(xin)息化(hua)(hua)(hua)事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)指明(ming)了前進方(fang)向、提供了根本(ben)遵循。新(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生產力的(de)(de)主陣地，是(shi)制造強國(guo)(guo)建(jian)設的(de)(de)必由之路。推(tui)(tui)進新(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，必須準確把握其(qi)時代(dai)特征和(he)基本(ben)要求，轉(zhuan)變發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)式(shi)，創新(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)路徑，以(yi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)成效助推(tui)(tui)新(xin)(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生產力發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。
一(yi)、深(shen)刻認(ren)識新型(xing)工業化(hua)的時代內涵
工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)是一個國(guo)家綜(zong)合(he)國(guo)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)體現(xian)，是經濟增長的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)引(yin)擎，也是技術創新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)戰場(chang)。改革開放(fang)以(yi)來，我(wo)國(guo)努力(li)探索走出一條科(ke)技含量(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)、經濟效益好(hao)、資源消耗低、環境(jing)污染少的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)道路。在(zai)新(xin)時代，新(xin)型(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)是以(yi)新(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理念(nian)為引(yin)領的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)。與以(yi)往單(dan)純追(zhui)求規(gui)模擴張的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)不(bu)同，新(xin)型(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)必(bi)須(xu)完(wan)整(zheng)、準(zhun)確、全(quan)面貫徹(che)新(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理念(nian)，把高(gao)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)要求貫穿新(xin)型(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)全(quan)過程，推(tui)動制造業(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)質的(de)(de)(de)有(you)效提升(sheng)和量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)理增長。全(quan)面推(tui)進中國(guo)式現(xian)代化(hua)，必(bi)須(xu)加快(kuai)推(tui)進新(xin)型(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)高(gao)水平科(ke)技自(zi)立(li)自(zi)強，保護好(hao)全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)最完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)體系，提升(sheng)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈供應鏈韌性和安全(quan)水平，提高(gao)制造業(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)分工(gong)(gong)中的(de)(de)(de)地位和競(jing)爭力(li)，確保我(wo)國(guo)在(zai)大(da)國(guo)博弈中贏(ying)得主(zhu)動。
科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)是(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)的(de)本質屬性。習(xi)近平總書(shu)記多(duo)(duo)次強(qiang)調：“制造業(ye)(ye)的(de)核(he)心就是(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。”創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)力(li)不僅是(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)競爭力(li)的(de)來源，也是(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)質生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)的(de)核(he)心驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)力(li)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)質生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)具(ju)有高科(ke)技(ji)(ji)、高效能(neng)、高質量的(de)特征，要以發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)質生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)推動(dong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，建(jian)立(li)現代(dai)化(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)體系，進而促(cu)進我國新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)進程。推進新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)建(jian)設(she)，必(bi)須順應(ying)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)大勢(shi)(shi)，推進科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)范式突(tu)破，在(zai)(zai)全球新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)一輪(lun)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)革命和產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)變革中贏(ying)得主動(dong)、贏(ying)得先機；必(bi)須堅持創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，加(jia)快關(guan)鍵(jian)核(he)心技(ji)(ji)術攻關(guan)，抓緊(jin)補短(duan)板(ban)、鍛(duan)長板(ban)，提升產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)基礎高級化(hua)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈現代(dai)化(hua)水平；必(bi)須充分發(fa)揮新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型舉國體制優勢(shi)(shi)，在(zai)(zai)關(guan)鍵(jian)核(he)心技(ji)(ji)術創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)上持續加(jia)力(li)、發(fa)力(li)，催(cui)生更(geng)多(duo)(duo)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)術新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)，開辟更(geng)多(duo)(duo)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)領(ling)域新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)賽道，增強(qiang)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)動(dong)能(neng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)活力(li)。
數字(zi)(zi)驅動(dong)是(shi)新型(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建設的(de)突(tu)出屬性(xing)(xing)。數字(zi)(zi)經(jing)濟是(shi)以(yi)數據資源為(wei)關(guan)鍵(jian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)素，以(yi)現代(dai)信(xin)息(xi)網(wang)絡為(wei)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)載體，以(yi)信(xin)息(xi)通信(xin)技(ji)術(shu)融合應用(yong)、全(quan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)素數字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)轉型(xing)為(wei)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)推動(dong)力，是(shi)新質(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)產力的(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)內容(rong)，發(fa)展(zhan)數字(zi)(zi)經(jing)濟，是(shi)把握(wo)新一(yi)輪科技(ji)革命和產業(ye)變革新機遇的(de)戰略選擇。數字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)轉型(xing)是(shi)世界經(jing)濟大勢所(suo)趨，成(cheng)為(wei)影響全(quan)球(qiu)經(jing)濟格局(ju)的(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)因素。習(xi)近平總書記指出，“推動(dong)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)加速(su)(su)向(xiang)數字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、網(wang)絡化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、智能化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)”。互聯(lian)網(wang)、大數據、區(qu)塊鏈(lian)、人(ren)工(gong)(gong)智能等新一(yi)代(dai)信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)加速(su)(su)突(tu)破，與(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)深度融合創新，推動(dong)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產方式(shi)、發(fa)展(zhan)模式(shi)和企業(ye)形(xing)態發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)根本性(xing)(xing)變革。數字(zi)(zi)經(jing)濟具有高創新性(xing)(xing)、強(qiang)滲透性(xing)(xing)、廣覆(fu)蓋(gai)性(xing)(xing)，在不斷形(xing)成(cheng)與(yu)培育新質(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)產力進(jin)程中，數字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)一(yi)種產業(ye)變革性(xing)(xing)規律，推進(jin)新型(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)必須(xu)順應這一(yi)趨勢，為(wei)新型(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)全(quan)方位賦能。
綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)新型工業(ye)化建設的底(di)色(se)(se)(se)。綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)解決生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)問題的治本之策，也是(shi)高質量發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的底(di)色(se)(se)(se)。新質生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)就(jiu)是(shi)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)。習近平(ping)總書記(ji)強調：“要充分認(ren)識形成綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)方式和生(sheng)(sheng)活方式的重要性、緊(jin)迫性、艱巨性。”保護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)就(jiu)是(shi)保護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)，改(gai)善生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)就(jiu)是(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)。綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)永續發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的必要條(tiao)件，是(shi)人民(min)對美好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)活追求(qiu)的重要體(ti)(ti)現。因此，要推動(dong)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)與實體(ti)(ti)經濟發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)相融合，充分發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)化賦能(neng)實體(ti)(ti)經濟發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)效(xiao)(xiao)應。積極穩妥推動(dong)工業(ye)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)低碳(tan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，深入實施工業(ye)領(ling)(ling)域碳(tan)達峰行(xing)(xing)動(dong)，全面推行(xing)(xing)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)制造，提高工業(ye)資源(yuan)(yuan)綜合利用(yong)效(xiao)(xiao)率和清潔生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)水平(ping)，構建資源(yuan)(yuan)節約(yue)、環(huan)境(jing)友好(hao)的綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)體(ti)(ti)系。以新能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)汽車為(wei)例，我國通(tong)過建造新能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)汽車主機廠的過程管理，約(yue)束并(bing)激勵(li)上游供應商(shang)及下游充電站(zhan)等(deng)協同綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)制造，對減少(shao)交通(tong)領(ling)(ling)域污(wu)染物(wu)排(pai)放、促進高質量碳(tan)達峰、降低石油進口依賴等(deng)，有突出(chu)的綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)示范(fan)效(xiao)(xiao)應。
二、新型(xing)工業化是制(zhi)造強國建設的(de)必由之(zhi)路(lu)
制造業是(shi)立國(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)本、強國(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)基(ji)。黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)二十大報(bao)告提出，“堅持把發(fa)展(zhan)經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)著力(li)(li)點放在實體經濟上(shang)，推(tui)進新(xin)型工(gong)業化，加快建設制造強國(guo)”。以(yi)制造業為主體的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)業發(fa)展(zhan)水(shui)平是(shi)國(guo)家(jia)生產(chan)力(li)(li)水(shui)平的(de)(de)(de)(de)集(ji)中表現，決定著一(yi)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合國(guo)力(li)(li)和國(guo)際地位(wei)。作為新(xin)質生產(chan)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主戰場(chang)(chang)，新(xin)型工(gong)業化為新(xin)質生產(chan)力(li)(li)創造了豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)業場(chang)(chang)景。新(xin)型工(gong)業化推(tui)動(dong)技術(shu)革命性(xing)突破，將(jiang)有效促進新(xin)質生產(chan)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形成(cheng)與穩健(jian)發(fa)展(zhan)。
新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)化是(shi)推(tui)動(dong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)質生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)重要(yao)動(dong)力。先(xian)進(jin)科技(ji)是(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)質生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)與(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)內在動(dong)力，而工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)化是(shi)科技(ji)突(tu)破(po)(po)的(de)(de)主要(yao)來源。歷次(ci)(ci)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)，都會(hui)帶領科技(ji)的(de)(de)重大(da)跨越和生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力的(de)(de)躍升(sheng)。例如，第一次(ci)(ci)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)帶來蒸汽(qi)動(dong)力技(ji)術(shu)實現(xian)跨越式突(tu)破(po)(po)，全(quan)方(fang)位提升(sheng)了(le)(le)社會(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力，推(tui)動(dong)了(le)(le)從農業(ye)社會(hui)向(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)社會(hui)轉型。第二次(ci)(ci)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)以(yi)電(dian)力廣泛普(pu)及為(wei)核心(xin)，促使(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)重心(xin)從輕工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)向(xiang)重工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)傾斜(xie)，奠定電(dian)氣時代(dai)的(de)(de)物質技(ji)術(shu)基礎。第三次(ci)(ci)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)帶來了(le)(le)信息技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)深度變革(ge)(ge)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)化與(yu)信息化的(de)(de)融合顯著提升(sheng)了(le)(le)社會(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力。當前，以(yi)大(da)數據(ju)、人工(gong)(gong)(gong)智能等為(wei)代(dai)表(biao)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)一輪工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)，催生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)一系列創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)術(shu)和新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)方(fang)法，引(yin)(yin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)組織形式發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)深刻(ke)改變，促使(shi)社會(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)前所(suo)未有的(de)(de)變革(ge)(ge)。近年來，正因為(wei)現(xian)代(dai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)對科技(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)具有至關重要(yao)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)達(da)經濟體(ti)開始重新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)審視其工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)戰(zhan)略，紛紛推(tui)出(chu)“再(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)化”戰(zhan)略。新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)化將對技(ji)術(shu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)突(tu)破(po)(po)形成(cheng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)方(fang)向(xiang)引(yin)(yin)領，為(wei)本土技(ji)術(shu)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)性突(tu)破(po)(po)夯實堅實根基。
新(xin)(xin)型(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)是新(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)重要載(zai)體(ti)。現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)系(xi)是新(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)外顯內容。2024年政府工(gong)(gong)作報(bao)告(gao)將“大力(li)(li)(li)推進現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)系(xi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，加快(kuai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)(li)”列為首(shou)項任務。發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)重點是構建(jian)(jian)現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)系(xi)，著力(li)(li)(li)點是發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)實體(ti)經濟。通過推進新(xin)(xin)型(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)興產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和未來產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，改造(zao)提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)傳統產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，構建(jian)(jian)具有完整性(xing)、先進性(xing)、安全性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)系(xi)。新(xin)(xin)型(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)不僅能夠(gou)推動工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉型(xing)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級，同時(shi)能夠(gou)牽(qian)引(yin)數字經濟和信息化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，帶(dai)動形成新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)關系(xi)，引(yin)領(ling)(ling)和支撐服務業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。通過工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與其他產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)相互賦能，帶(dai)動更(geng)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級，并激發(fa)(fa)更(geng)大范圍的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)可能性(xing)，從而加快(kuai)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)載(zai)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)躍升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，在未來發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和國際競爭中贏得戰略主動。
新(xin)型工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)為(wei)新(xin)質生產力(li)(li)創(chuang)造豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)景(jing)(jing)。推進(jin)新(xin)型工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)過(guo)程本身就是新(xin)質生產力(li)(li)的(de)(de)形(xing)成發(fa)展(zhan)過(guo)程。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)推進(jin)新(xin)型工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)堅(jian)持完(wan)(wan)整性(xing)、先進(jin)性(xing)、安全(quan)性(xing)導向，打(da)造了世界(jie)范圍內最完(wan)(wan)整的(de)(de)產業(ye)體(ti)系，擁有(you)極為(wei)豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)產業(ye)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)景(jing)(jing)，這(zhe)是我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)質生產力(li)(li)的(de)(de)獨(du)特優(you)勢。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)有(you)14億(yi)多人(ren)口(kou)和眾多中等收(shou)入群(qun)體(ti)，這(zhe)為(wei)人(ren)工智能(neng)技術的(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用，如自(zi)動(dong)駕駛、智慧醫療等提供了廣闊的(de)(de)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)景(jing)(jing)和超(chao)大規模(mo)內需(xu)市場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。巨大的(de)(de)市場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)需(xu)求促進(jin)技術迭代與創(chuang)新(xin)，形(xing)成技術創(chuang)新(xin)和應(ying)(ying)用的(de)(de)良性(xing)互(hu)動(dong)。相比于工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)領先國(guo)(guo)家，我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)在人(ren)工智能(neng)算(suan)(suan)力(li)(li)、算(suan)(suan)法上尚存一定(ding)差距，但我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)產業(ye)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)景(jing)(jing)和龐大的(de)(de)中產群(qun)體(ti)、人(ren)才梯隊能(neng)夠(gou)助力(li)(li)產業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)出獨(du)有(you)的(de)(de)新(xin)質生產力(li)(li)。
三(san)、加快建設新型工業化需要堅(jian)持“四個導(dao)向”
全國(guo)(guo)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)推(tui)進大會指出，要(yao)深刻(ke)把握新(xin)(xin)時代新(xin)(xin)征程(cheng)推(tui)進新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的基(ji)本規律，積極主(zhu)動(dong)適應和引領新(xin)(xin)一輪科技革命和產業(ye)變革，把高質量發展的要(yao)求貫穿新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)全過程(cheng)，把建設制造(zao)強國(guo)(guo)同(tong)發展數字經濟、產業(ye)信息化(hua)(hua)(hua)等有機結合(he)，為中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)式現代化(hua)(hua)(hua)構筑強大物質技術基(ji)礎。作為新(xin)(xin)質生產力的主(zhu)陣地，推(tui)進新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)要(yao)堅持(chi)(chi)四個導(dao)向：堅持(chi)(chi)黨(dang)的領導(dao)、堅持(chi)(chi)創新(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)、堅持(chi)(chi)產融結合(he)、堅持(chi)(chi)改革開放，不(bu)斷夯實新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)基(ji)礎，優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的產業(ye)生態。
堅(jian)持(chi)黨的(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)，確保新(xin)型(xing)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)行穩致遠。習近平總(zong)書(shu)記強調：“經濟工(gong)作是黨治國理政(zheng)(zheng)的(de)中(zhong)心(xin)工(gong)作，黨中(zhong)央必須(xu)對經濟工(gong)作負總(zong)責、實施全面(mian)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)。”黨的(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)是中(zhong)國式現代化(hua)(hua)(hua)最(zui)(zui)鮮(xian)明(ming)的(de)特征和最(zui)(zui)突出的(de)優勢(shi)，是推進(jin)新(xin)型(xing)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)建設(she)必須(xu)堅(jian)持(chi)的(de)最(zui)(zui)高原則(ze)。作為(wei)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)建設(she)的(de)中(zhong)流砥(di)柱和堅(jian)定(ding)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)者，中(zhong)國共(gong)產黨帶領(ling)(ling)全國人民牢(lao)牢(lao)抓住經濟建設(she)這個中(zhong)心(xin)任務，通(tong)過(guo)全面(mian)深化(hua)(hua)(hua)改革不(bu)斷掃清制(zhi)(zhi)約生產力(li)(li)發展(zhan)的(de)障礙，為(wei)解(jie)放和發展(zhan)生產力(li)(li)開(kai)辟了廣闊(kuo)空(kong)間。黨的(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)是走新(xin)型(xing)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)道路的(de)根本保證(zheng)，直接關系(xi)新(xin)型(xing)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)根本方向、前(qian)途命運、最(zui)(zui)終成敗(bai)。要把黨的(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)的(de)政(zheng)(zheng)治優勢(shi)與制(zhi)(zhi)度優勢(shi)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)治理效(xiao)能，使推進(jin)新(xin)型(xing)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)建設(she)的(de)各項政(zheng)(zheng)策形成有效(xiao)合力(li)(li)。
堅持(chi)(chi)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)，塑(su)造新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)動(dong)能。習近平總書記強(qiang)(qiang)調：“在激烈(lie)的(de)國(guo)際競爭(zheng)中，惟創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)者進，惟創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)者強(qiang)(qiang)，惟創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)者勝。”工業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)是(shi)一(yi)個在技術迭代的(de)環境中實現(xian)產(chan)品(pin)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)與工藝創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)過程。這是(shi)因為，工業(ye)(ye)(ye)活(huo)動(dong)源(yuan)于(yu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)知(zhi)識，而新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)知(zhi)識源(yuan)于(yu)科(ke)學(xue)與創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。所以說(shuo)，創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)不(bu)僅是(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)的(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)動(dong)力，更是(shi)實現(xian)經(jing)濟躍(yue)遷與追(zhui)趕的(de)戰略任務(wu)。企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)僅是(shi)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，也是(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)質生(sheng)產(chan)力的(de)生(sheng)力軍。要強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，加快構建“鏈主(zhu)”企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)牽頭、高(gao)校(xiao)院(yuan)所支(zhi)撐、各創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)相(xiang)互協同的(de)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)聯(lian)合體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，整合集聚(ju)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)資源(yuan)，開展(zhan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)共性(xing)關(guan)鍵(jian)技術研發(fa)、科(ke)技成(cheng)果(guo)轉化(hua)，推動(dong)重(zhong)點(dian)領域項目、人才(cai)、資金一(yi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)化(hua)配置。依法優化(hua)利益(yi)分配機制，支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)將高(gao)校(xiao)、科(ke)研院(yuan)所職(zhi)務(wu)科(ke)技成(cheng)果(guo)通過許可等方式(shi)授權企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)使用。強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)技術創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)與市場(chang)(chang)需(xu)求的(de)有效(xiao)銜接，制定(ding)鼓勵性(xing)市場(chang)(chang)準入(ru)政策，減少行政審批(pi)手段，支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)品(pin)快速進入(ru)市場(chang)(chang)。
堅持(chi)(chi)產融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)一(yi)體(ti)(ti)化(hua)(hua)思(si)路(lu)，增強新(xin)型(xing)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)韌性。金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)是新(xin)型(xing)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)至關重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)素資(zi)(zi)(zi)源，現(xian)代制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)離不(bu)開金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)。實踐(jian)表明，金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)在資(zi)(zi)(zi)源有效(xiao)配(pei)置、科技創新(xin)與制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉(zhuan)型(xing)等方面發(fa)揮(hui)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)牢牢抓住新(xin)一(yi)輪科技革命(ming)和產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)變革重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)機(ji)遇(yu)，為新(xin)型(xing)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)設(she)提供多層(ceng)次(ci)、全覆蓋、可持(chi)(chi)續的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)服(fu)務(wu)。習(xi)近平(ping)總書記(ji)指出(chu)，“要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)引(yin)(yin)導(dao)(dao)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)構(gou)加(jia)(jia)強和改善對企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技術(shu)(shu)創新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)服(fu)務(wu)，加(jia)(jia)大(da)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本市場對科技型(xing)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)力度(du)”。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)強化(hua)(hua)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)賦能，加(jia)(jia)大(da)對科技創新(xin)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)全生命(ming)周期支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)力度(du)，構(gou)建(jian)適配(pei)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)路(lu)徑，推(tui)動金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)與先進制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)深(shen)度(du)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)合，實現(xian)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)共(gong)生共(gong)榮。發(fa)揮(hui)國(guo)家產融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)平(ping)臺作用(yong)，為產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)韌性提供必要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本支(zhi)(zhi)撐(cheng)。引(yin)(yin)導(dao)(dao)政策性銀行(xing)和商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)銀行(xing)加(jia)(jia)大(da)對實體(ti)(ti)經(jing)濟重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點領域和薄弱(ruo)環節(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)力度(du)，加(jia)(jia)強推(tui)動符合當前(qian)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)產品(pin)和服(fu)務(wu)創新(xin)，綜合運用(yong)信貸(dai)、債券、基金(jin)(jin)(jin)、保(bao)險等金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)工(gong)具(ju)，重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)先進制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)核(he)心技術(shu)(shu)攻(gong)關項目，促進重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)設(she)備更新(xin)、技術(shu)(shu)改造(zao)、綠(lv)色轉(zhuan)型(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)。
深(shen)化(hua)經濟體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)改革(ge)，完善新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)(ye)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)機制(zhi)。習(xi)近平(ping)總書(shu)記指(zhi)出：“新(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)，必(bi)然引起生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)革(ge)命性變化(hua)，需要(yao)(yao)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)與(yu)之相適應，對其(qi)加以保(bao)護(hu)、解放(fang)(fang)和發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。不(bu)斷(duan)改革(ge)和完善生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)管理模式、新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)機制(zhi)，是促進(jin)新(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)不(bu)斷(duan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)保(bao)障。”當(dang)前要(yao)(yao)著(zhu)重(zhong)從產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)、要(yao)(yao)素體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)、政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)供給三個領域(yu)，探索適應發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)，為(wei)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)(ye)化(hua)創(chuang)造(zao)良好的(de)(de)(de)環境。新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)(ye)化(hua)和新(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)必(bi)須堅持擴(kuo)大開(kai)放(fang)(fang)，在(zai)開(kai)放(fang)(fang)中(zhong)才(cai)能(neng)釋放(fang)(fang)更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)活力(li)。穩步推(tui)動(dong)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)、標(biao)準等制(zhi)度型(xing)(xing)開(kai)放(fang)(fang)，加快與(yu)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)通行規則(ze)相銜(xian)接的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)度體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，持續深(shen)化(hua)商品和要(yao)(yao)素流動(dong)型(xing)(xing)開(kai)放(fang)(fang)。要(yao)(yao)積極推(tui)進(jin)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)合(he)(he)作(zuo)，通過(guo)推(tui)進(jin)“一帶(dai)一路”建設(she)，加強境外經貿產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)合(he)(he)作(zuo)區建設(she)，積極培(pei)育具有全(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)整合(he)(he)能(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)價值鏈(lian)“鏈(lian)主”企業(ye)(ye)，提升(sheng)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)在(zai)全(quan)(quan)球價值鏈(lian)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)位。積極融(rong)入全(quan)(quan)球產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)、價值鏈(lian)、創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)鏈(lian)，以開(kai)放(fang)(fang)促發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，在(zai)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)競爭與(yu)合(he)(he)作(zuo)中(zhong)壯大產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)實(shi)力(li)，構建以數字技(ji)術(shu)為(wei)基礎的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)球制(zhi)造(zao)網(wang)絡，打造(zao)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)(ye)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)競爭新(xin)(xin)優(you)勢。
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